American Phage Group
Bacteriophage: a very simple model organism[edit]
Bacteriophage[edit]
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The structure of a typical myovirus bacteriophage
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Electron micrograph of bacteriophages attached to a bacterial cell. These viruses are the size and shape of coliphage T1
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Diagram of a typical tailed bacteriophage structure
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Structure of Bacteriophage T4
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Phage injecting its genome into bacterial cell
Discovery of bacteriophages[edit]
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Frederick W. Twort the original discoverer in 1915 of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)
Origins of the Phage Group[edit]
Influence of physical scientists in biology[edit]
Max Delbrück: a physicist-turned biologist[edit]
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Max Delbrück
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Max Delbrück (last years)
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Lytic cycle, compared to lysogenic cycle
Salvador Luria[edit]
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Salvador E. Luria ca. 1969
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Salvador Luria and his wife Zella, on the beach at Cold Spring Harbor
Started of the Phage Group[edit]
The phage group started around 1940, after Delbrück and Luria had met at a physics conference. Delbrück and Luria began a series of collaborative experiments on the patterns of infection for different strains of bacteria and bacteriophage.
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Salvador Luria and Max Delbrück at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Luria–Delbrück experiment (1943)[edit]
The Luria–Delbrück experiment (1943) (also called the Fluctuation Test) demonstrates that in bacteria, genetic mutations arise in the absence of selection, rather than being a response to selection.
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Diagram illustrating the two possibilities tested by the Luria-Delbrück experiment
Phage course at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1945)[edit]
Apart from direct collaborations, the main legacy of the phage group resulted from the yearly summer phage course, starting in 1945, at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Notable scientists associated with the Phage Group[edit]
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Seymour Benzer with a Drosophila model, 1974
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