Commons:Collections of the African Studies Centre (Leiden)

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African Studies Centre Leiden  Blue pencil.svg wikidata:Q2174585
African Studies Centre Leiden
Native name Stichting Afrika-Studiecentrum
Parent institution Leiden University Edit this at Wikidata
Location Leiden
Coordinates 52° 10′ 11″ N, 4° 28′ 37″ E Link to OpenStreetMap Link to Google Maps Edit this at Wikidata
Established 1947
Web page www.ascleiden.nl Edit this at Wikidata
Authority control
institution QS:P195,Q2174585


The African Studies Centre (Leiden, ASC) and its affiliated authors have donated more than 6,000 images from their collections to Wikimedia Commons. Uploaded files are residing in the Category:Images from the African Studies Centre (Leiden) and in specific collection categories within the Category:African Studies Centre (Leiden). A companion page on the ASC Wikimedia photo project is Wikipedia:GLAM/African Studies Centre Leiden.

The Top 5 of Most-Viewed ASCL Photographs in September 2021[edit]

Images from the African Study Center Leiden appear on various Wikipedia websites, especially on the English and French language Wikipedias. Using a tally how often those pages are clicked in a month time[1] we can tentatively establish a Top 5 of most-viewed images in September 2021, shown here with links to the English Wikipedia articles they appear on, the number of page views and their ASCL photo source collection:

Overview by period with samples[edit]

Zanzibar postal stamps 1866-1900, 20 photos[edit]

  • East India postage Queen Victoria stamps used in Zanzibar - Four annas green, 1866

    East India postage Queen Victoria stamps used in Zanzibar - Four annas green, 1866

  • 12 stamps from Zanzibar, 1892 - 1894

    12 stamps from Zanzibar, 1892 - 1894

  • India postage Queen Victoria stamp used in Zanzibar - Purple one anna, before 1900

    India postage Queen Victoria stamp used in Zanzibar - Purple one anna, before 1900

  • The French Post Office in Malindi (Road), Zanzibar Stone Town, 19th century

    The French Post Office in Malindi (Road), Zanzibar Stone Town, 19th century

Various photographs 1883-2016, 41 photos[edit]

  • ASC Library - Cape of Good Hope - Appendix to Votes and Proceedings to Parliament - 1883

    ASC Library - Cape of Good Hope - Appendix to Votes and Proceedings to Parliament - 1883

  • P.J. Idenburg, founder of the African Studies Centre (ASC) Leiden, the Netherlands, 1930s

    P.J. Idenburg, founder of the African Studies Centre (ASC) Leiden, the Netherlands, 1930s

  • Julia Duncan-Cassell, Liberian minister of gender and development, during the Africa Works! Conference in Leiden, 2014

    Julia Duncan-Cassell, Liberian minister of gender and development, during the Africa Works! Conference in Leiden, 2014

  • Conference Africa works! Marina Diboma (Netherlands African Business Council NABC), Dutch secretary of state Lilianne Ploumen and ASC director Ton Dietz, 2014

    Conference Africa works! Marina Diboma (Netherlands African Business Council NABC), Dutch secretary of state Lilianne Ploumen and ASC director Ton Dietz, 2014

  • Ghanese photographer James Barnor at the ASC, 2016

    Ghanese photographer James Barnor at the ASC, 2016

Lisk-Carew Brothers Collection, Sierra Leone 1910s, 18 photos[edit]

  • "Weaving cotton for making native cloth", 1910s

    "Weaving cotton for making native cloth", 1910s

  • Threshing rice, 1910s

    Threshing rice, 1910s

  • Many hands make light work. Meal time, 1910s

    Many hands make light work. Meal time, 1910s

  • Making native cloth. Sierra Leone. Umbilical hernia, 1910s

    Making native cloth. Sierra Leone. Umbilical hernia, 1910s

  • Moa River bridge, 1910s

    Moa River bridge, 1910s

Old maps at the African Studies Centre (Leiden) 1920-1940, 7 photos[edit]

  • Map of Tanganyika, 1926 or 1936

    Map of Tanganyika, 1926 or 1936

  • Map of Ruanda Urundi, 1929-1938

    Map of Ruanda Urundi, 1929-1938

  • Tribal linguistic map of Zambia

    Tribal linguistic map of Zambia

Hofstra Collection, Sierra Leone 1934-1936, 517 photos[edit]

Scanned glass plate lantern slides.

  • A group of eight posing women and a man, (Panguma) 1936-1938

    A group of eight posing women and a man, (Panguma) 1936-1938

  • A weaver at work with a group of women with children standing by, Panguma 1934

    A weaver at work with a group of women with children standing by, Panguma 1934

  • Tilling the future rice fields, accompanied by a drummer, Panguma 1934

    Tilling the future rice fields, accompanied by a drummer, Panguma 1934

  • Drying the rice, Panguma, late 1934

    Drying the rice, Panguma, late 1934

  • A drummer looking up, 1935

    A drummer looking up, 1935

  • A small boy posing in Poro outfit, Panguma 1936

    A small boy posing in Poro outfit, Panguma 1936

  • Close-up of a man climbing a palm tree, 1935

    Close-up of a man climbing a palm tree, 1935

  • Musicians, Panguma, 1936

    Musicians, Panguma, 1936

Koopman Collection, African library postcards 1935-1960, 12 photos[edit]

  • New Library Johannesburg, South Africa, 1935

    New Library Johannesburg, South Africa, 1935

  • Balme Library, University of Ghana, Legon, 1950s

    Balme Library, University of Ghana, Legon, 1950s

  • Kenneth Onwuka Dike University Library, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1960

    Kenneth Onwuka Dike University Library, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1960

  • Public Library Port Elizabeth, South Africa, 1960

    Public Library Port Elizabeth, South Africa, 1960

NSAG Dutch students photo collection, North Africa 1961-1962, 1462 photos[edit]

On an extensive field trip mainly through North Africa a group of Dutch university students visited local students and their new universities and toured many countries. A pictorial donation by three group members, the later medical professor L.A. van Es, the engineer Mr. M.U.U. van Dis and Mr. Crebolder.

  • An Egyptian guide, his little son and a Dutch student at the Pyramids of Giza, Egypt, 1961

    An Egyptian guide, his little son and a Dutch student at the Pyramids of Giza, Egypt, 1961

  • A group viewing the Great Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha, Cairo, Egypte, 1961

    A group viewing the Great Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha, Cairo, Egypte, 1961

  • A farmer is plowing with two oxen near Cairo, Egypt, 1961

    A farmer is plowing with two oxen near Cairo, Egypt, 1961

  • Ramses II. Small Temple of Hathor and Nefertari, now inundated, Abu Simbel, Egypte 1961

    Ramses II. Small Temple of Hathor and Nefertari, now inundated, Abu Simbel, Egypte 1961

  • An Egyptian boatman on the Nile to Buhen, 1961

    An Egyptian boatman on the Nile to Buhen, 1961

  • The tomb of the Mahdi (Mohamed Ahmed), mosque at Omdurman, Soedan, 1961

    The tomb of the Mahdi (Mohamed Ahmed), mosque at Omdurman, Soedan, 1961

  • Two local students in conversation with a Dutch student, Omdurman, Sudan, 1961

    Two local students in conversation with a Dutch student, Omdurman, Sudan, 1961

  • Guards in white uniforms with headdress at the Presidential Palace, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

    Guards in white uniforms with headdress at the Presidential Palace, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

  • A cyclist, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

    A cyclist, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

  • Laughing Dutch students, University of Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

    Laughing Dutch students, University of Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

  • Girls at an elementary school, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

    Girls at an elementary school, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

  • A boy at an elementary school is moving to the rhythm of music, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

    A boy at an elementary school is moving to the rhythm of music, Khartoum, Sudan, 1961

  • A grove of palm trees at an irrigation canal of the Gezira Plan, Sudan, 1961

    A grove of palm trees at an irrigation canal of the Gezira Plan, Sudan, 1961

  • Nalubaale Hydroelectric Power Station on the White Nile near Kampala, Uganda, 1961

    Nalubaale Hydroelectric Power Station on the White Nile near Kampala, Uganda, 1961

  • Young men at a bicycle shop, Kampala, Uganda, 1961

    Young men at a bicycle shop, Kampala, Uganda, 1961

  • Outpatient clinic of the Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda, 1961

    Outpatient clinic of the Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda, 1961

Rietveld Collection, Nigeria, East Africa, Robben Island 1970-1973, 1975, 2015, 196 photos[edit]

Dutch historian Aart Rietveld taught at Toro Teachers College in Toro, North Nigeria, and travelled widely in Africa.

Nigeria 1970-1973, 90 photos[edit]

  • Teachers in training awiat the inspection of their huts, Toro Teachers College.

    Teachers in training awiat the inspection of their huts, Toro Teachers College.

  • Polygamy. The driver of Toro Teachers College marries his third wife.

    Polygamy. The driver of Toro Teachers College marries his third wife.

  • Dodo dancers dressed as evil spirits of ancestors with their drummer have to wait for their turn at the Jos Ceremony, Jos.

    Dodo dancers dressed as evil spirits of ancestors with their drummer have to wait for their turn at the Jos Ceremony, Jos.

  • The ceremonial ruler of Bauchi in his procession at the islamic Eid al-Fitr festivities, Bauchi.

    The ceremonial ruler of Bauchi in his procession at the islamic Eid al-Fitr festivities, Bauchi.

  • Pan African Games Lagos January 7-18, 1973. A female javelin thrower in the stadium.

    Pan African Games Lagos January 7-18, 1973. A female javelin thrower in the stadium.

  • Kainji Dam in the River Niger. White horned zebus in front of the openings of the dam.

    Kainji Dam in the River Niger. White horned zebus in front of the openings of the dam.

East-Africa 1975, 49 photos[edit]

  • Maduni's club, a nightclub in Nairobi

    Maduni's club, a nightclub in Nairobi

  • Swans on a lake, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

    Swans on a lake, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

  • A smiling driver with his four donkeys on an brand new asphalt road, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

    A smiling driver with his four donkeys on an brand new asphalt road, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

  • A teacher is instructing her boys to add numbers, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

    A teacher is instructing her boys to add numbers, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

  • A man in front of his landscape, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

    A man in front of his landscape, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

  • A young fisherman is turning his boat with a pole, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

    A young fisherman is turning his boat with a pole, Zambia/Zimbabwe.

  • Laminar and turbulent flow in the Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe/Zambia, 1975

    Laminar and turbulent flow in the Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe/Zambia, 1975

Robben Island 2015, 57 photos[edit]

  • Robbeneiland with Tafelberg

    Robbeneiland with Tafelberg

  • Church

    Church

  • A prison mate of Mandela guides the visitors

    A prison mate of Mandela guides the visitors

  • Departure from the port of Cape Town.

    Departure from the port of Cape Town.

  • Blackfoot penguin (Spheniscus demersus) near trees on Robben Island

    Blackfoot penguin (Spheniscus demersus) near trees on Robben Island

  • Map of Robben Island of 1784

    Map of Robben Island of 1784

  • Cell viewed through the gantry gate

    Cell viewed through the gantry gate

Fred van der Kraaij Collection, Liberia and neighbouring countries 1972-1986, 1289 photos[edit]

Dutch economist Fred van der Kraaij lived and worked in Liberia for many years as, e.g., a university lecturer. He donated an extensive collection of photographs of Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Morocco, Niger, Senegal and Togo.

Liberia 1975-1976, 37 photos[edit]

  • Fruit vendors, Monrovia, 1975

    Fruit vendors, Monrovia, 1975

  • Open pit mining for iron ore, Yekepa 1976

    Open pit mining for iron ore, Yekepa 1976

  • Conveyor belt carrying iron ore, Yekepa 1976

    Conveyor belt carrying iron ore, Yekepa 1976

  • Train with iron ore, Yekepa 1976

    Train with iron ore, Yekepa 1976

  • Dam for the generation of electricity, Firestone factory, Harbel 1976

    Dam for the generation of electricity, Firestone factory, Harbel 1976

  • A rubber tapper at the Firestone rubber plantation, Harbel 1976

    A rubber tapper at the Firestone rubber plantation, Harbel 1976

  • Firestone latex factory, Harbel 1976

    Firestone latex factory, Harbel 1976

  • Rubber factory, Harbel 1976

    Rubber factory, Harbel 1976

  • Illuminated houses of the workers at the Firestone rubber factory, Harbel 1976

    Illuminated houses of the workers at the Firestone rubber factory, Harbel 1976

  • Storage of latex sheets, Harbel 1976

    Storage of latex sheets, Harbel 1976

  • A woman winnowing paddy and a man with a mortar, Agrimeco, Montserrado county, 1976

    A woman winnowing paddy and a man with a mortar, Agrimeco, Montserrado county, 1976

Liberia 1979, 4 photos[edit]

  • The hanging of the Harper Seven for cannibalism, Liberia - 16 February 1979

    The hanging of the Harper Seven for cannibalism, Liberia - 16 February 1979

  • The hanging of the Harper Seven, Liberia - 16 February 1979

    The hanging of the Harper Seven, Liberia - 16 February 1979

Coutinho Collection, Guinea-Bissau and Senegal 1973-1974, 760 photos[edit]

In 2016 medical professor Roel Coutinho (on Dutch wikipedia) MD donated 752 photographs and slides made by him in the course of his medical work in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal in 1973 and 1974, during the final year of the war of independence waged by the PAIGC (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde) resistance movement against Portugal.

  • Canoeing across the river, 1973

    Canoeing across the river, 1973

  • Learning how to shoot, 1973

    Learning how to shoot, 1973

  • Chico Mendes' (later prime minister of Guinea-Bissau) marriage in Ziguinchor, Senegal, 1973

    Chico Mendes' (later prime minister of Guinea-Bissau) marriage in Ziguinchor, Senegal, 1973

  • School in Sara, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    School in Sara, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • School for adults in Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    School for adults in Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • Infirmary in Sara, Guinea-Bissau - Lung check up by Cuban doctor Antonio, 1974

    Infirmary in Sara, Guinea-Bissau - Lung check up by Cuban doctor Antonio, 1974

  • Soldier with rocket-propelled grenade, Mantem, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    Soldier with rocket-propelled grenade, Mantem, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • Open air infirmary, Sara, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    Open air infirmary, Sara, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • Military instruction cartoons showing PAIGC soldiers, Farim, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    Military instruction cartoons showing PAIGC soldiers, Farim, Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • Girl in the liberated areas of Guinea-Bissau, 1974

    Girl in the liberated areas of Guinea-Bissau, 1974

  • PAIGC boarding school band, Ziguinchor "Instituto Amizade École Teranga", 1973

    PAIGC boarding school band, Ziguinchor "Instituto Amizade École Teranga", 1973

  • Mother and son in Campada, Guinea-Bissau, 1973

    Mother and son in Campada, Guinea-Bissau, 1973

Van Beek Collection, Cameroon and Mali 1996-2005, 231 files[edit]

Illustrations from the book Thuis in Afrika - At Home in Africa, about the Dogon people, Mali, 1972 - 2006, 99 photos[edit]

  • The dancing thieves' society is playing a gang of Muslim Touareg slave hunters, Tireli, Mali, 1994

    The dancing thieves' society is playing a gang of Muslim Touareg slave hunters, Tireli, Mali, 1994

  • Zra Kangacè and Tizhè Zra Damba are drinking millet beer, Mogodé, North Cameroon, 1998

    Zra Kangacè and Tizhè Zra Damba are drinking millet beer, Mogodé, North Cameroon, 1998

  • Haman Tizhe, Mogodé's "doctor", Mogodé, 2003

    Haman Tizhe, Mogodé's "doctor", Mogodé, 2003

  • The funeral feast for Balayo, Tireli, 2005

    The funeral feast for Balayo, Tireli, 2005

  • Apomi's wives are enacting their husband's journeys, Tireli, 2008

    Apomi's wives are enacting their husband's journeys, Tireli, 2008

Dogon, Mali, 1979 - 1996, 2005, 120 photos[edit]

  • Balugo showing his meat at the market, Tireli, 1980

    Balugo showing his meat at the market, Tireli, 1980

  • A female granary, Yugo 1981

    A female granary, Yugo 1981

  • Young man just returned from Abidjan, with his radio, Tireli, 1985

    Young man just returned from Abidjan, with his radio, Tireli, 1985

  • Women climb the rock slope with pots of beer on the head on the path to the market in Sangha, Tireli, 1990

    Women climb the rock slope with pots of beer on the head on the path to the market in Sangha, Tireli, 1990

  • Various condiments at Sangha market, 1992

    Various condiments at Sangha market, 1992

Kapsiki, Cameroon, 1990s, 12 photos[edit]

  • The women during the year festival in Mogode

    The women during the year festival in Mogode

  • A fulbeized algaita player

    A fulbeized algaita player

  • Funeral: the corpse is dressed and carried by a blacksmith

    Funeral: the corpse is dressed and carried by a blacksmith

  • A crab divination pot

    A crab divination pot

Van Achterberg Collection, Northwest Africa, Namibia, Botswana, 1996-1997, 1916 photos[edit]

Social anthropologist Angeline van Achterberg travelled widely mainly in Northwest Africa for her work, for instance with women's organisations, and authored various books. Algeria, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Mauritania, Mali, Morocco, Namibia, Niger and Tunesia

  • The bus takes a pause during the ride to Ougadougou, Yako, Burkina Faso, 1996

    The bus takes a pause during the ride to Ougadougou, Yako, Burkina Faso, 1996

  • A pancake seller on the street, Gorom-Gorom, Burkina Faso 1996.

    A pancake seller on the street, Gorom-Gorom, Burkina Faso 1996.

  • "Ensemble stoppons le SIDA Fidelité Abstinence Préservatif". Information to combat AIDS along the road from Bamako to Ségou, Mali, 1996

    "Ensemble stoppons le SIDA Fidelité Abstinence Préservatif". Information to combat AIDS along the road from Bamako to Ségou, Mali, 1996

  • A Touareg griot (singer) with his family and his instrument, the three-stringed kora, Tin Aicha, Timbuctu, Mali, 1996

    A Touareg griot (singer) with his family and his instrument, the three-stringed kora, Tin Aicha, Timbuctu, Mali, 1996

  • A griot in the open air among his audience, UNHCR refugee camp Mberra, Mauritania, 1996

    A griot in the open air among his audience, UNHCR refugee camp Mberra, Mauritania, 1996

  • Men at a market for beans and flour, Léré, Timbuctu, Mali, 1996

    Men at a market for beans and flour, Léré, Timbuctu, Mali, 1996

  • The AtlanticOcean viewed from Hotel l'Océan, Kribi, Cameroun 1997

    The AtlanticOcean viewed from Hotel l'Océan, Kribi, Cameroun 1997

  • Working class neighborhood of Yaoundé, Kameroen 1997

    Working class neighborhood of Yaoundé, Kameroen 1997

  • Pupils at the boarding school of the Bagyéli people, Bipindi, Cameroun, 1997

    Pupils at the boarding school of the Bagyéli people, Bipindi, Cameroun, 1997

  • Members of the self-help organisation Mboscuda, Bamenda, Cameroun 1997

    Members of the self-help organisation Mboscuda, Bamenda, Cameroun 1997

Van de Bruinhorst Collection, Somaliland 2019, 100 photos[edit]

Gerard van de Bruinhorst, an arabist and Afrikanist at the Afrika-Studiecentrum Leiden, documented his visit to the Hargeysa 12th International Book Fair, 20-25 July 2019, in Somaliland.

  • A food stall run by women, Hargeisa 2019

    A food stall run by women, Hargeisa 2019

  • Nasiim Mohomed Ali Aar, writer of the novel Between Love, Past and Destiny

    Nasiim Mohomed Ali Aar, writer of the novel Between Love, Past and Destiny

  • The lights of Hargeysa at night, showing the red Central Market, Hargeisa 2019

    The lights of Hargeysa at night, showing the red Central Market, Hargeisa 2019

  • A panel discussion at the Hargeysa 12th International Book Fair

    A panel discussion at the Hargeysa 12th International Book Fair

  • Hargeisa War Cemetery, 2019

    Hargeisa War Cemetery, 2019

  • Animal story and the mathematical geometric series of 0.5, Hargeysa Cultural Centre

    Animal story and the mathematical geometric series of 0.5, Hargeysa Cultural Centre

  • A nest of weaver birds hanging from a tree, Hargeisa

    A nest of weaver birds hanging from a tree, Hargeisa

  • Rock paintings of Laas Geel with a visiting group from the 12th Hargeisa Book Fair

  • A red and white rock painting of a human figure in the caves of Laas Geel

    A red and white rock painting of a human figure in the caves of Laas Geel

  • A group of men sitting in front of the University Bookshop, women in burqa pass, video, Hargeisa 2019

  • Cattle livestock market, Hargeisa 2019

Overview by country[edit]

Incomplete, work in progress.

Country Subjects Period Photo Collection Number of images
Africa generic
Algeria, Botswana, Cameroon, Morocco,
Mauritania, Mali, Namibia, Tunesia		 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection 1916
Algeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa African library postcards 1935-1960 Koopman Collection 12
Burkina Faso, Liberia, Mali, Morocco and Senegal 1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection 1400
Egypt, Sudan, Chad, Uganda, Nigeria, Cameroon,
Benin, Togo, Ghana, Mali, Senegal		 Archeology, landscape,
people, universities		 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection, North Africa 1462
Guinea-Bissau and Senegal PAIGC liberation movement 1973-1974 Coutinho Collection 760
Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia/Zimbabwe 1970-1973, 1975, 2015 Rietveld Collection 246
Ruanda, Tanganyika, Tanzania, Zambia Old maps 1920-1940 Old maps at the African Studies Centre (Leiden) 7
Ghana, Liberia, the Netherlands Various 1788-2016,
visitors at the ASC,
Africanists, documents		 Various photographs 41
By country
Algeria 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Benin 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Botswana 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Burkina Faso 1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection
1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Cameroon 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Kapsiki 1990s W.E.A. van Beek Collection (Kapsiki) 12
1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Chad 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Egypt 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Ghana 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Guinea-Bissau PAIGC liberation movement 1973-1974 Coutinho Collection
Ivory Coast 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Kenya 1975 Rietveld Collection (East Africa)
Liberia 1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection
Mali 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection
Dogon 1979-1996, 2005 W.E.A. van Beek Collection (Dogon) 120
1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Mauritania 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Morocco 1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection
1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Namibia 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Niger 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Nigeria 1970-1973 Rietveld Collection (Nigeria) 90
1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Senegal 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
1972-1986 Fred van der Kraaij Collection
PAIGC liberation movement 1973-1974 Coutinho Collection
Sierra Leone 1910s Lisk-Carew Brothers Collection 18
1934-1936 Hofstra Collection 110
Somaliland Hargeisa, cave paintings 2019 Van de Bruinhorst Collection 100
South Africa Robben Island 2015 Rietveld Collection (Robben Island) 57
Sudan 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Togo 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Tunisia 1996-1997 Van Achterberg Collection
Tanzania Zanzibar postal stamps 1866-1900 Zanzibar postal stamps 20
Uganda 1961-1962 NSAG Dutch students photo collection
Zambia/Zimbabwe 1975 Rietveld Collection (East Africa)
  1. ↑ NB. In this count, as far as is known, the number of visitors on the Internet leaving a web page within a few seconds (bounce, a normal phenomenon on the internet), is not (yet) deducted, so the numbers mentioned are (over) estimates and only relatively indicative.
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