File:Calciocarbonatite (Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex, Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary time, 65 Ma; near Amba Dongar, Gujarat State, India) (26013339331).jpg

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Calciocarbonatite from Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary times in India. (~10.4 cm across at its widest)

Carbonatites are rare igneous rocks - they are composed of carbonate minerals, typically calcite (CaCO3 - calcium carbonate). Carbonatites are essentially igneous limestones.

The four categories of carbonatites are: 1) calciocarbonatite (calcite-dominated) 2) magnesiocarbonatite (dolomite-dominated) 3) ferrocarbonatite (siderite-dominated) 4) natrocarbonatite (sodium carbonate-dominated)

Calciocarbonatites are the most common type, whereas natrocarbonatites are extremely rare, which are only found at Ol Doinyo Lengai Volcano in eastern Africa.

The rock shown above is a coarsely-crystalline calciocarbonatite - this lithology is traditionally called a sövite. It comes from an igneous ring complex in western India that is a subvolcanic diatreme composed of rare rocks - calciocarbonatite, magnesiocarbonatite, ferrocarbonatite, nephelinite, and tephriphonolite. This igneous complex is called the Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex. These rocks formed at Cretaceous-Tertiary transition time, 65 million years ago. Emplacement of these rocks was likely due to Reunion-Deccan Hotspot activity.

Geologic unit: Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex (a.k.a. Amba Dongar Carbonatite-Alkaline Complex), Chhota Udaipur Alkaline Sub-Province, Deccan Flood Basalt Province, Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary time, 65 Ma

Locality: unrecorded site near the village of Amba Dongar, southwest of Karipani & north of the Narmada River, ~35 km east-southeast of the town of Naswadi, eastern Gujarat State, western India
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Source Calciocarbonatite (Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex, Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary time, 65 Ma; near Amba Dongar, Gujarat State, India)
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/26013339331 (archive). It was reviewed on 1 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

1 December 2019

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current08:58, 1 December 2019Thumbnail for version as of 08:58, 1 December 20193,179 × 2,245 (4.56 MB)Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs)Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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