File:Ocean research and the great fisheries (1921) (14593278528).jpg

Identifier: oceanresearchgre00howe (find matches)
Title: Ocean research and the great fisheries
Year: 1921 (1920s)
Authors: Howell, Gerard Charles Lisle
Subjects:
Publisher: Oxford, Clarendon press
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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een10 and 20 fathoms, 18 per cent, from between 20 and 30 fathoms,and 12 per cent, from between 40 and 50 fathoms. And heclassifies it along with turbot, young halibut, hake, gurnards,and monks as an inhabitant of the medium depths.^ Herubelgives its habitat as the Deep Banks , and its distribution asNorth Sea (Great Fisher Bank, Shetlands), Atlantic. Meek gives the distribution as follows : North-east Atlantic,Murman Sea, and Iceland to the Bay of Biscay, extending intothe Skagerrak. Common in the north-west part of the NorthSea, west of the British Isles, at the Faeroes, and Iceland(20-100 fathoms). Life-HistorifThe Spawning Period and Gronndr, Clark says that the lemon sole spawns from February to Julyoff Plymouth ; Meek, from May to September in the North Sea ;Herubel from April to July. Clark notes tliat he catches thebaby fish while they are still at the surface off Plymouth,* later than any of the other species of Plenronecfes. This • Depths of Ocean, pp. 451, 452. PLATE XIII
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P 144: LEMON SOLES 145 is due, not to a later spawning period, but to a longer pelagic ^life. The species is a deep-water form, and the main spawningprobably takes place well off shore. It is evident that the fishis ripe very much earlier in southern waters than farther to thenorth. Cunningham found eggs floating at the surface atPlymouth in March, April, and May ; Holt got them off thewest coast of Ireland in April, May, and June. Eipe fish areto be had, according to Mcintosh, off the east coast of Scotlandfrom April to August ; and Ehrenbaum says that off HeHgolandthe spawning is at its height in the latter half of June and inJuly.2 Meek summarizes the spawning grounds as occurringwest of Ireland and Scotland, and in the deeper parts of themiddle and northern North Sea, and the Skagerrak ; the maingrounds being in the north-east of the North Sea, and one offthe coast of Fife. The Eggs and Incubation The eggs, which measure about 0-05 ^ inch in diameter, aresmaller than those of the

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