File:Textile raw materials and their conversion into yarns - (the study of the raw materials and the technology of the spinning process) a text-book for textile, trade and higher technical schools, as also (14781637551).jpg

Identifier: textilerawmateri00zips (find matches)
Title: Textile raw materials and their conversion into yarns : (the study of the raw materials and the technology of the spinning process) a text-book for textile, trade and higher technical schools, as also for self-instruction ; based upon the ordinary syllabus and curriculum of the Imperial and Royal Austrian weaving schools
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Zipser, Julius Salter, Charles
Subjects: Textile fibers Spinning
Publisher: London : Scott, Greenwood
Contributing Library: Claire T. Carney Library, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
Digitizing Sponsor: Claire T. Carney Library, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth

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ent, but the fibres still hang together, and tufts are onlytoo plentiful. The objects of carding are to continue theloosening of the fibres until they have been completely isolated ;furthermore to get rid of the remaining impurities and lay thefibres out parallel, so as to form a uniform coherent film oflap and eliminate all such as are too short to be of use. Inits purposes, therefore, and the manner in which these arefulfilled, the operation of carding agrees with the correspond-ing treatment of cotton ; though in the production of cardedwoollen yarns it plays a far more important part than in thecotton, tow and jute industries^ With regard to the clothing employed on wool-cardingmachines, the same description applies as that already givenin dealing with cotton cards iq.v.) ; and the work is carried onin much the same manner. One difference, however, requiresmention, namely, that the card clothing (except that on thefancy roller; in wool cards has first to be filled Uj) to the bends
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TEXTILE RAW MATERIALS. 34I with a mixture of ground wool croppings (from the clothshearing machine), tallow and oil, applied by hand and beatenin with a stiff brush. This treatment helps the pins to standfirm without loss of elasticity ; but the same object may beeffected with less labour by gluing a layer of felt on thefoundation. A single passage through the carding machine is neversufficient to effect the objects in view, and usually three setsof machines are employed. These are all of the rotary type,no flat cards like those employed for cotton being used inwool carding. The three are known respectively as thescribbler, intermediate, and finishing cards. The scribbler converts the oiled and opened wool intoa fleece, which is then fed to the intermediate carder, whereit is worked and delivered in the form of a longer fleece. Thisis passed to the finisher card, which turns it into a delicatefilm of lap, and this is fed to the lap divider and condenser,which converts it into rove. As

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