File:The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene. Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev. to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other (14781221724).jpg

Identifier: outlinesofanatom00trac (find matches)
Title: The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene. Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev. to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other narcotics upon the human system a mandatory study in public schools
Year: 1889 (1880s)
Authors: Tracy, Roger Sherman, 1841-1926
Subjects: Human anatomy Physiology Hygiene Anatomy Physiology Hygiene
Publisher: New York, American Book Co
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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e skull. It consists of two halves, called hcnii-spkcrcs, the dividing fissure running from the frontof the head to the back; but the halves are not en-tirely separated. On their under side, a bridge ormass of white fibers runs from one to the other, andserves as a means of nervous communication be-tween them. The cere-brum is composed of bothwhite and gray matter, thelatter being spread overthe surface, and the formerfilling up the interior, andforming the greater por-tion of the mass (Fig. 59).The arrangement ofthe nerve-matter of thecerebrum is very peculiar.It is formed into folds andwrinkles, somewhat likethe meat of an Englishwalnut. These folds arecalled the convolutions ofthe brain, and, as the graymatter follows closely thedipping of the surface be-tween the convolutions, itis evident that the amountof gray matter is muchSfreater than it would beif the surface of the brainwere smooth.It has been found by experiment that the nerve-matter composing the cerebrum is insensible to
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Fig. 59.—Section of thebrain, show-ing the arrangement of the grayand white substance. 222 ORGANS OF CO-ORDINATION. ordinary irritation. Either the gray or the whitematter may be cut, pricked, burned with fire orcaustic acids, without producing any sensation.What, then, is the function of the cerebrum ? 283. Function of the Cerebrum.—It is now ac-knowledged by all who have paid any attention tothe subject, that the cerebriun is the organ of thought.It is in this part of the brain that all ideas have theirorigin, and that all processes of reasoning take place.The evidence of this is indirect, but very conclusive,and may be briefly stated as follows: 284. Intelligence increases with Increase in Sizeof the Cerebrum.—The cerebrum increases in sizein animals as we pass from the lower forms to thehigher. The superiority of one animal over anotherin the scale of life depends mainly upon what wecall intelligence. Now, we find that the intelligenceof animals appears to increase in the sa

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