User:UED77/Első lépések
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Ez az Első lépések súgó, ami elmagyarázza hogyan tudsz hozzájárulni a Wikimédia Közvagyonhoz.
Regisztráció és testreszabás
[edit]Regisztráció
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/MediaWiki-Login-link.png/250px-MediaWiki-Login-link.png)
Ahhoz, hogy fel tudj tölteni fájlokat, regisztrálnod kell, és a feltöltés alatt be kell iratkozva lenned. Ha csak oldalakat kívánsz szerkeszteni, ahhoz nem kell, hogy tag légy, de javasoljuk, főleg, hogy pillanatok alatt regisztrálhatsz a jobb felső sarokban lévő “Log in / create account” linkre kattintva.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/MediaWiki-Login-mask.png/250px-MediaWiki-Login-mask.png)
Az elvisz a belépés oldalra, ahol a félkövér “Create an account” linkre kattintva eljutsz a regisztrációhoz. Ha már tag vagy, ezen az oldalon beléphetsz.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Commons_register2_create_account.png/250px-Commons_register2_create_account.png)
A “Create an account” link a regisztrációs oldalra visz. Az oldalon meg fog jelenni egy kép, ami egy torzított szót ábrázol. Szükséges ezt a szót pontosan bemásolni az alatta lévő mezőbe, automata robotok kiszűrése érdekében. Ezután a "Username" mezőbe írd be a választott felhasználóneved, és az alatta lévő "Password" mezőbe egy biztonságos jelszót. Ezt a jelszót írd be újra a "Retype password" mezőbe. Az e-mail címedet is megadhatod; ez nem szükséges, de megengedi hogy más tagok küldjenek neked e-mailt, valamint így kérhetsz új jelszót ha valaha is elfelejted.
Beállítások és Testreszabás
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Commons_register3_open_preferences.png)
Ha sikeresen beléptél, testreszabhatod a kezelőfelületet, és átállíthatod a nyelvet.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Commons_register4_set_language_cropped.png)
Sokmindent beállíthatsz, a “preferences” (beállítások) linkre kattintva. Kezdheted például a nyelv beállításával. Ugyan nem kötelező a nyelvet magyarra átállítani, de a súgó innentől feltételezi, hogy ezt megtetted.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Commons_register5_save_changes.png/250px-Commons_register5_save_changes.png)
Ne felejtsd el a beállításaidat elmenteni a “Save” (Beállítások mentése) gombra kattintva. Ha nem igazán vagy megelégedve az új változtatásaiddal, a “Reset” (Beállítások törlése) gomb visszaállít mindent az eredeti helyzetére.
Fájlok feltöltése
[edit]Feltöltés oldal
[edit]Most, hogy már beléptél, fel tudsz fájlokat tölteni a baloldali "Fájl feltöltése" linkkel.
A link elvisz a Special:Upload oldalra, ami rögtön az elején tartalmaz egy rövid jogi összefoglalót, ami tömören elmagyarázza a licenc feltételeket. Ezt alaposan olvasd el és tartsd be, mert az ennek nem megfelelő fájlok figyelmeztetés nélkül törlésre kerülnek. A lényeg az, hogy bármely fájlnak módosíthatónak kell lennie a szerző beleegyezésével vagy anélkül. Ha nem vagy biztos benne, nyugodtan kérdezd meg a Commons talk:Licensing oldalon, mielőtt egy kérdéses fájlt feltöltenél. Általában szabad licencek — pl. GFDL (GNU Szabad Dokumentációs Licenc) — alatt álló művek megfelelnek, de ezt nem árt kétszer is átellenőrizni.
A jogi tudnivalók alatt helyezkedik el maga a fájlfeltöltő űrlap. Kattints a “Tallóz” gombra a “Forrás fájl” mező mellett. Ezután kiválaszthatod hogy melyik fájl szeretnéd feltölteni, vagy, ha tudod pontosan a fájl helyét, beírhatod magadtól. Fontos, hogy egy feltöltött fájl könnyen megtalálható legyen, és ennek az első (és legkönnyebb) módja a jó névválasztás. Alaphelyzetben a fájl megtartja majd az eredeti nevét, de ha ez nem utal a fájl mivoltára (pl. “DSC123456.jpg” egy digitális fényképezőgépről) akkor a “Kívánt fájlnév” mezőben ezt megváltoztathatod. Szokás a fájlokat angolul elnevezni, de ez egyáltalán nem kötelező.
Összefoglaló
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Messier-42-10.12.2004-filtered.jpeg/220px-Messier-42-10.12.2004-filtered.jpeg)
Egy jó összefoglaló tartalmaz mindent ami felmerülhet egy kép kapcsán. Épp ezért szokás a szabványosított {{Information}} sablont használni. Egy fájl feltöltésekor az “Összefoglaló” mezőbe másold be a következő szöveget, és töltsd ki a paramétereket.
{{Information| |Description= |Source= |Date= |Author= |Permission= |other_versions= }}
- Az Információ kitöltése
Fontos: ha nem tudsz egy mezőt kitölteni, írj egy ‘-’ mínusz/kötőjelet (természetesen az idézőjelek nélkül), de ne hagyd a mezőt üresen. A sablon rosszul fog megjelenni ha egy mezőt üresen hagysz.
- Description — Leírás
- Amit látsz, hallasz, és érzel. Fényképeknél a helyszín elengedhetetlen. Ha egy festmény vagy egyéb műalkotás, röviden taglald a történetét. Ha tudományos adatokat ábrázol, röviden magyarázd meg mit is jelent. A leírás bármely nyelven íródhat, és nem szükséges csak egy nyelven írni. Jó ötlet azonban ha angol leírás is van. Ha nem tudsz angolul, kérj fordítási segítséget.
- Source — Forrás
- Ha a saját munkád, akkor "Own work." Ha nem, akkor
- Link egy weboldalra ahol a fájl megtalálható, vagy közvetlen link a fájlhoz
- Katalógusszám
- Intézet neve
- stb.
- Date — Dátum
- A készítés (vagy publikáció) dátuma, lehetőleg ISO 8601 formátumban, mint pl. “2006-01-08” 2006 január 8.-ra
- Author — Szerző
- A fájl szerzője, vagy szerzői. Ha nem tudod pontosan ki a szerző, akkor a cég, intézet, vagy hivatal neve aki felelős érte. Ha a saját munkád, akkor írd be a valódi neved, a felhasználónevedet pedig utána zájójelben, lehetőleg belinkelve, mint pl. “Gabor Eszes ([[User:UED77|UED77]])”, ami “Gabor Eszes (UED77)”-ként jelenik meg. Vagy nyugodtan linkeld be a teljes neved: “[[User:UED77|Gabor Eszes]]”.
- Permission — Engedély
- Rövid idézet ami alapján úgy gondolod, hogy a fájl van engedélyed feltölteni. Ha ez valami általános nyilatkozat (pl. USA kormány közkincs), linkelj a nyilatkozathoz, vagy másold be. Ha te vagy a szerző, röviden közölheted itt a licencfeltételeidet (pl. “Dual-licensed under the GFDL and CC-By-SA-2.5, 2.0, and 1.0”), de inkább írd azt, hogy “See below”, és az {{Information}} sablonon kívül add ezeket meg, hiszen legalább egy licencsablont mindenképpen meg kell adnod.
- Other versions — más verziók
- Ha ezen fájlnak más verziói már fel vannak a Közvagyonba töltve (pl. fekete-fehér, más formátum, vágás, stb.), linkelj hozzájuk.
Licenc választás
[edit]After this you’ll have to choose the file’s license. This is an important decision, as all content in Wikimedia Commons has to be licensed freely.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Decision_Tree_on_Uploading_Images_%28COM-VPs_working_copy_EN%29.png/250px-Decision_Tree_on_Uploading_Images_%28COM-VPs_working_copy_EN%29.png)
It is therefore imperative to clarify your rights to upload it under a free license. The decision tree is a graphical overview of the issues below.
- Generally, if you’re releasing your own content under a free license, you cannot revoke the permissions granted.
- The easiest case are self drawn images. Pictures taken by you are a wee bit more problematic, as every person displayed has to agree on publishing it. This doesn’t apply if the photograph has been taken at public events or the persons are well-known—provided the photograph hasn’t been taken in that person’s private vicinity.
- Artwork permanently displayed in public is covered in several nations—including for example Germany, Switzerland and Austria—under Freedom of Panorama, while other nations like France and Belgium have no such regulation. If Freedom of Panorama applies, you can upload your images of either artwork or buildings undaunted. This is not allowed in nations like France and Belgium, i. e. you cannot upload a picture of the Atomium in Brussels, Belgium. In cases where the object in question was only temporarily installed in a public place, freedom of panorama might not apply. One famous example for this was the wrapped Reichstag by Christo in Berlin, Germany. You’ll also have to obtain permission for objects in museums or shots on private property—especially indoor photographs strictly require the owner’s consent.
- Most images you’ll find on the Internet can’t be uploaded, unless the copyright owner explicitly allowed for publication under a free license. You might try asking for permission, however. If you obtained such a permission via email, please forward it to permissions@wikimedia.org and reference it at upload.
- If a work’s author died more than 70 years ago it is within the public domain in most nations and can be uploaded in almost all cases. This applies to third party reproductions as well, as these lack the required own creativity needed to put it under copyright. (For example the Bridgeman vs. Corel case.)
- More detailed information on copyright and licensing as well as copyright laws in different nations can be found at Commons:Licensing.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Commons-license-selection.png/250px-Commons-license-selection.png)
With this basic knowledge in mind you should be able to choose the proper license in most cases. Just select the desired license from the “Licensing” drop down list.
- “Own work, all rights released (Public domain)”
- With this choice, you grant everyone the permission to use your image for whatever purpose they see fit. People don’t even have to appropriatly credit you. Once within the public domain, your image cannot be relicensed later on. Other free licenses allow you to retain at least some of your rights.
- “Attribution 2.5” and “Attribution share alike 2.5”
- These licensed were created by Creative Commons, who created a bunch of modular licenses which can be mixed in many variations. The two accepted Creative Commons licenses at Wikimedia Commons are “Attribution” (CC-BY) and “Attribution share alike” (CC-BY-SA) in every published version. Basically, “Attribution 2.5” requires crediting the author, whereas “Attribution share alike 2.5” requires people to additionally release modifications under this very license—the copyleft principle.
- “GNU Free Documentation License”
- The GNU Free Documentation License is the license used by Wikipedia for texts and is older than the Creative Commons Licenses. It is similar to the the “Attribution share alike” license, but additionally requires every use to be accompanied by the full license text. This renders the license rather unwieldy for printing images on posters or postcards.
- “Own work, copyleft. Multi-license with GFDL and Creative Commons CC-BY-SA-2.5 and older versions (2.0 and 1.0)”
- It is possible to publish your works under multiple licenses. This is actually the recommended choice, as it makes using your media files very easy.
- “I don't know what the license is”
- This isn’t a real option, but rather a test to verify that you know what you’re doing. Images uploaded with this option checked will be deleted. Especially Fair use and other unfree licenses (like grants for non-commercial usage) are not allowed at Wikimedia Commons.
If there is no appropriate license to select, you can set “None” and manually insert the proper license later on (for a list of all allowed licenses see Commons:Copyright tags). This is a rather advanced way, however, as it requires you to know the exact license template’s name.
Once you’re done with these choices, you might want to check “Watch this page” to keep track of any changes pertaining to your image. With your personal “Watchlist”, you can see the tracked files’ change dates, comments and the persons committing the change. You can find the watchlist in the user tabs atop any page. Finally, once you click on “Upload file” it may be necessary to approve this action, as your software might consider this a security issue. After the upload is complete—which may take a while—you’ll be redirected to that image’s page. You might want to add your image to a category or gallery page—say Moon, if your image depicts that very satellite. If you don’t, people might be unable to find your image, but this is described in more detail below.
Good practice hints
[edit]Quality
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Titan_globe.jpg/220px-Titan_globe.jpg)
Generally speaking, the quality of files should be as high as possible, so e. g. images can be used in high-quality printouts. With JPEG-format—which is recomended for photos but not diagrams—or PNG-format, use a high resolution. As of October 19th, 2005 the MediaWiki software can’t handle PNGs larger than 12.5 megapixels—about 3500x3500 pixels—but otherwise images in such high resolutions are fine. The software is also unable to scale animated GIF-images, so you’ll have to supply these in the desired size.
Only certain file types are allowed in Wikimedia Commons. If you try to upload a different file type, you’ll receive an error message.
For photographs, use JPEG. While TIFF offers higher quality, the files tend to be rather large and the software can’t convert them on the fly (that's why this file format is currently not allowed at Commons). PNG uses a lossless compression as well and is thus theoretically better for images, but it unfortunately doesn’t work very well with photographs. It’s the best choice for animated images though. GIF-Format is allowed but discouraged at Wikimedia Commons. For diagrams SVG is the preferred type, as it’s easy to scale and edit. If you modify an image of others, please upload it under a different filename and add a link from the original.
Supported sound types are MIDI (.mid) and Ogg Vorbis (.ogg) and for video files Ogg Theora only (also .ogg). Other widely used sound file formats like MP3 and video formats like MPEG are not allowed at Wikimedia Commons due to patent issues. Like the images quality of sound and video files should not be too low. The upper limit for file sizes is about 20 MB, so choose quality depending on the duration of your media file.
Sorting and catalogisation of images
[edit]Other people need to find your file in order to use it to illustrate articles in other Wikimedia projects. So it is crucial to add your media files to specific gallery articles on Commons and/or adding it to a specific category otherwise your valuable media files won’t get used that much. Adding images and other kinds of media files to galleries is prefered over categories as they can keep more information and look more polished to an outsider. A good example for a gallery page would be for example the image gallery of the planet Mars. You can tell if a page is an article or a category by looking at its name. Pages without prefix are article pages, pages with a “Category:” prefix are categories and pages with “Image:” are image pages. This concept with these prefixes is called “namespaces”. That way you can separate easily different contents.
In order to add an image to a gallery go after upload to the gallery article, click there on “edit” and you will see among other things something like this:
<gallery> Image:Mars Valles Marineris.jpeg|Valles Marineris on Mars Image:Mars Hubble.jpg|Mars seen by the Hubble Space Telescope, Realistic Colors </gallery>
Which looks like:
-
Valles Marineris on Mars
-
Mars seen by the Hubble Space Telescope, Realistic Colors
You can add your image between those two gallery-tags (one opening and one closing tag) in the following way:
Image:Your photo name.jpg|A brief description
After saving the article you will now see your image as thumbnail in the gallery. Unlike in the normal case when you incorporate a single image into an article you don’t use the [[- and ]]-brackets around the image. For sound and video files it works the same way exept that the media files will display a replacement icon like in this example:
-
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Don Giovanni - Overtüre
Adding an image to a gallery is done like adding a Wikipedia article to a category. Simply place something like the the following example code at the image page itself:
[[Category:Some specific category]]
However be aware: do not add more than two categories to an image. Everything else is purely superflous and won’t make that image any easier to find. Be as specific as possible. Don’t add an image to an overcrowded root category. In order to find a right category for your image the category tree will help you a lot.
Transfering files from other projects
[edit]As files on the Commons can be used by all Wikimedia projects, it is a great idea to start transferring copyleft-licensed files from other projects.
A common mistake when uploading images from another Wikimedia project to Commons is to copy a scaled version, also known as a thumbnail. The MediaWiki software allows users to embed thumbnailed versions of images in articles by simply adding the parameter thumb to the image link. When the article is viewed, only the scaled version is loaded. As well at the image pages by default a thumbnail is displayed only (with a link to the full size version below). If a user saves the image directly from the scaled version, it will be saved in that size and thus will be heavily reduced in quality compared to the full size original. The number of horizontal pixels will be added to the filename, giving a name like “150px-example.png”.
- Go back to the source (which should be specified in the image page).
- Click on the scaled version of the image to go to the full version.
- Save and upload the full version.
- After you have done so tag the thumbnail version with
{{Redundant}}
and give along side the tag a link to the full size image.
If you copied a file from another Wikimedia project, indicate which one (for example, “the German Wikipedia”), the author there, and the original title. So in order to transfer files from Wikipedia, please follow Wikipedia's Moving images to the Commons guidelines. Especially do not transfer non-commercial and Fair use images. They will be deleted inmediatly without further notice and will not be reuploaded to Wikipedia.
If you have questions regarding the conditions of a certain media file you want to transfer ask at Commons talk:Licensing for clarification.
Additional tools
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Commonist_screenshot.png/220px-Commonist_screenshot.png)
For some special tasks like uploading larger amounts of images and maintaining them in Wikimedia Commons there are additional software tools available. Especially the Java-software Commonist will be helpful in case of uploading larger amounts of images. So have a look at our Software and Tool integration pages in order to make your daily work in Wikimedia Commons easier.
Reuse of Commons' media files
[edit]Looking for media files on Commons
[edit]In order to find certain media files on Wikimedia Commons see if an appropriate article for your file exists. Fewer articles exist in Commons than in Wikipedia, but Bicycle, Lake, many National Parks, plant species, animals, etc., exist. Add in your local Wikipedia a link to at least one gallery article of Wikimedia Commons, if possible.
Ah good way finding certain media on Wikimedia Commons is our Search page.
If you want to reuse Wikimedia Commons media files outside Wikimedia projects you are welcome to do so. However keep some very important points in mind:
- Unlike traditional media repositories Wikimedia Commons is free. Everyone is allowed to copy, use and modify any files here freely for any purpose including commercial ones as long the source and the authors are credited and as long you release your copies/improvements under the same freedom to others.
- The Wikimedia Commons database itself and the texts in it are licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. The license conditions of each individual media file can be found on their description pages.
- However be aware that we cannot guarantee the correctness of the informations given on each file. So please verify on your own the license conditions given on the media file you want to use.
- More detailed information on usage conditions can be found at Commons:Licensing.
Embedding Commons’ media in Wikimedia projects
[edit]In general, to embed a Wikimedia Commons media file in Wikipedia or another Wikimedia wiki, just include it in the same way if would be stored locally there.
To include an image in a page, use for example a link in the form (standard usage shown):
[[Image:file.jpg|thumb|right|321px|descriptive text]]
To include a sound you can choose between two possibilities if the {{Audio}} template is present in your local wiki (otherwise you can use the first method):
[[Media:file.ogg|descriptive text]]
{{Audio|Filename-without-namespace|descriptive text}}
Further details can be found at the media help page in Meta-wiki, at Wikipedia image markup page and at Wikipedia picture tutorial.
Embedding Commons media in third party projects
[edit]Directly embedding files from Wikimedia Commons on the fly into an external wiki (“Deep linking”) is considered as bandwidth theft and external servers doing so will be permanently blocked after Wikimedia server admins recognize it (usually very quick). There is a proposal to allow non-Wikimedia wikis to easily access Commons material - meta:InstantCommons. This feature does not yet exist, so at the moment files must be separately uploaded to other wikis.
You are always welcome to download files you are interested in for reuse as long as you follow the license conditions provided along side the files.