File:Epidote coating monzonite (Bearpaw Mountains, Montana, USA).jpg
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| Description |
English: Epidote coating monzonite from Montana, USA.
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 5600 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals. All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry. "Silica" refers to SiO2 chemistry. The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4. Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens "belong" to each silicon. The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4. The simplest & most abundant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust is quartz (SiO2). All other silicates have silica + impurities. Many silicates have a significant percentage of aluminum (the aluminosilicates). Epidote is a fairly common calcium aluminum iron hydroxy-silicate mineral, Ca2Al2Fe(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH), but it's actually a garbage-can mineral - it can have lots of things thrown in. Epidote has a nonmetallic luster and is typically "pistachio green", but it can be other shades of green. It is sometimes close to black-colored. It has a hardness of about 6 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Epidote crystals are prismatic & usually short and stubby. Crystal faces are often deeply striated, like tourmaline. It has one cleavage plane. Epidote is a low-temperature mineral formed by early alteration and metamorphism of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and amphibole (mafic minerals). It usually occurs along fractures and faults. If hot water moves through fractures, the adjacent country rock will be altered. Locality: small quarry adjacent to Beaver Creek Road (= Route 234), 1.4 miles south of the boundary of Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation & 8.1 miles south of the Beaver Creek Road-Sucker Creek Road intersection, Bearpaw Mountains, southeastern Hill County, northern Montana, USA Photo gallery of epidote: www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min= 1389 |
| Date | |
| Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49060422123/ |
| Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49060422123. It was reviewed on 18 April 2022 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
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| current | 12:03, 18 April 2022 | | 3,659 × 2,332 (5.81 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49060422123/ with UploadWizard |
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