File:Filogenia Homo Hibridação.png

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Português: Árvore filogenética do gênero Homo, a partir da divergência entre H. sapiens, H. neanderthalensis e H. denisova, com os eventos de hibridação conhecidos entre essas linhagens. Baseado em: Dediu, D., & Levinson, S. C. (2018). Neanderthal language revisited: Not only us. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 21, 49–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.01.001
English: Schematic representation of human evolution focusing on the lineages leading to modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans, and highlighting probable interbreeding (numbered red arrows)
  • 1: 2.5–5.8% Denisova genome from archaic hominin having diverged 0.9–1.4 mya
  • 2: mtDNA introgressed c. 270 kya into a Neanderthal (Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany) from an African lineage leading or related to AMH
  • 3: at least 0.5% genome coming from a Neanderthal population closer related to the Atai Neanderthals
  • 4: 1.0–7.1% gene flow from AMH into Altai Neanderthals
  • 5,6,8,9: multiple introgressions from Neanderthals into various modern human populations outside Africa resulting in about 2% (regionally and inter-individually variable, slightly more in East Asia) Neanderthal DNA
  • 7: Denisova introgression resulting in about 2–4% Denisovan DNA in Melanesia (less in e.g. South Asia).
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Author MarlonHJ

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