File:Ponds on the Ocean, ICESCAPE.jpg
原始文件 (4,272 × 2,848像素,文件大小:3.76 MB,MIME类型:image/jpeg)
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摘要
[编辑]描述Ponds on the Ocean, ICESCAPE.jpg |
NASA image acquired July 12, 2011 If you have never been north of the Arctic Circle, it is easy to imagine that the “ice cap” at the top of the world is a uniform sheet of white. The reality, particularly during the spring and summer melt, is a mottled landscape of white, teal, slate gray, green, and navy. The sea ice atop the Arctic Ocean can—as shown in this photograph from July 12, 2011—look more like swiss cheese or a bright coastal wetland. As ice melts, the liquid water collects in depressions on the surface and deepens them, forming melt ponds. These fresh water ponds are separated from the salty sea below and around it, until breaks in the ice merge the two. Researchers on the NASA-funded ICESCAPE mission—Impacts of Climate on Ecosystems and Chemistry of the Arctic Pacific Environment—have been examining melt ponds, the ice around them, and the waters below for three weeks, with three more to go. Carried by the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy, a team of oceanographers, marine biologists, and glaciologists are investigating how changing conditions in the Arctic affect the ocean’s chemical and biological makeup. The science team collects water samples to examine water chemistry and to observe the colonies of plankton growing in the water and on the surfaces of the ice. Other instruments are used to assess how much and how far sunlight is penetrating into—and warming—the Arctic Ocean. Still others are measuring the current systems that move water from the depths to the surface, as well as horizontally across the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas. Incidentally, the crew members in the photo are not harvesting data; they are collecting supplies. A C-130 airplane flew by earlier in the day, dropping a parachuted canister of hardware for fixing instruments and other machinery on the icebreaker. NASA science writer Kathryn Hansen is blogging daily from the ICESCAPE cruise. Click here to learn some science, see what people are eating, and sample life on an Arctic icebreaker. You can also get a daily glimpse of the ice in the Arctic by clicking on the MODIS Rapid Response page. NASA photograph by Kathryn Hansen. Caption by Mike Carlowicz. Instrument: Photograph To view other images from the Earth Observatory go to: earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram |
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作者 | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center from Greenbelt, MD, USA |
其他版本 | https://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/7348420132/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa_ice/5932034684/ |
许可协议
[编辑]This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on July 19, 2011 by the administrator or reviewer File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske), who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date. |
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
本文件完全由NASA创作,在美国属于公有领域。根据NASA的版权方针,NASA的材料除非另有声明否则不受版权保护。(参见Template:PD-USGov/zh、NASA版权方针页面或JPL图片使用方针。) | ||
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当前 | 2015年5月28日 (四) 13:33 | 4,272 × 2,848(3.76 MB) | Prokaryotes(留言 | 贡献) | Higher resolution | |
2011年7月19日 (二) 03:19 | 1,024 × 683(293 KB) | File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske)(留言 | 贡献) | {{Information |Description=NASA image acquired July 12, 2011 If you have never been north of the Arctic Circle, it is easy to imagine that the “ice cap” at the top of the world is a uniform sheet of white. The reality, particularly during the spring |
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相机制造商 | Canon |
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相机型号 | Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XSi |
曝光时间 | 1/400秒(0.0025) |
光圈值 | f/14 |
感光度(ISO) | 200 |
数据生成日期时间 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
镜头焦距 | 55毫米 |
图像标题 |
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方向 | 正常 |
水平分辨率 | 72 dpi |
垂直分辨率 | 72 dpi |
文件修改日期时间 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
亮度(Y)和色度(C)位置 | 重叠 |
曝光程序 | 普通程序 |
Exif版本 | 2.21 |
数字化日期时间 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
每个色彩组分意义 |
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APEX快门速度 | 8.625 |
APEX光圈 | 7.625 |
APEX曝光补偿 | 0 |
测光模式 | 多区 |
闪光灯 | 闪光灯未点亮 |
修改时间厘秒数 | 03 |
数据生成时间厘秒数 | 03 |
数字化时间厘秒数 | 03 |
支持的Flashpix版本 | 1 |
色彩空间 | sRGB |
焦平面X分辨率 | 4,865.6036446469 |
焦平面Y分辨率 | 4,876.7123287671 |
焦平面分辨率单位 | 英寸 |
自订图像处理 | 普通处理 |
曝光模式 | 自动曝光 |
白平衡 | 自动白平衡 |
场景拍摄类型 | 标准 |
紧急性 | 1 |
IIM版本 | 4 |