File:Ponds on the Ocean, ICESCAPE.jpg
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說明
說明
摘要
[編輯]描述Ponds on the Ocean, ICESCAPE.jpg |
NASA image acquired July 12, 2011 If you have never been north of the Arctic Circle, it is easy to imagine that the “ice cap” at the top of the world is a uniform sheet of white. The reality, particularly during the spring and summer melt, is a mottled landscape of white, teal, slate gray, green, and navy. The sea ice atop the Arctic Ocean can—as shown in this photograph from July 12, 2011—look more like swiss cheese or a bright coastal wetland. As ice melts, the liquid water collects in depressions on the surface and deepens them, forming melt ponds. These fresh water ponds are separated from the salty sea below and around it, until breaks in the ice merge the two. Researchers on the NASA-funded ICESCAPE mission—Impacts of Climate on Ecosystems and Chemistry of the Arctic Pacific Environment—have been examining melt ponds, the ice around them, and the waters below for three weeks, with three more to go. Carried by the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy, a team of oceanographers, marine biologists, and glaciologists are investigating how changing conditions in the Arctic affect the ocean’s chemical and biological makeup. The science team collects water samples to examine water chemistry and to observe the colonies of plankton growing in the water and on the surfaces of the ice. Other instruments are used to assess how much and how far sunlight is penetrating into—and warming—the Arctic Ocean. Still others are measuring the current systems that move water from the depths to the surface, as well as horizontally across the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas. Incidentally, the crew members in the photo are not harvesting data; they are collecting supplies. A C-130 airplane flew by earlier in the day, dropping a parachuted canister of hardware for fixing instruments and other machinery on the icebreaker. NASA science writer Kathryn Hansen is blogging daily from the ICESCAPE cruise. Click here to learn some science, see what people are eating, and sample life on an Arctic icebreaker. You can also get a daily glimpse of the ice in the Arctic by clicking on the MODIS Rapid Response page. NASA photograph by Kathryn Hansen. Caption by Mike Carlowicz. Instrument: Photograph To view other images from the Earth Observatory go to: earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram |
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作者 | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center from Greenbelt, MD, USA |
其他版本 | https://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/7348420132/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa_ice/5932034684/ |
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This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on July 19, 2011 by the administrator or reviewer File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske), who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date. |
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本作品由NASA創作,屬於公有領域。根據NASA的版權政策:“NASA的創作除非另有聲明否則不受版權保護。”(參見:Template:PD-USGov/zh,NASA版權政策或JPL圖像使用政策) | ![]() |
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日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
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目前 | 2015年5月28日 (四) 13:33 | ![]() | 4,272 × 2,848(3.76 MB) | Prokaryotes(對話 | 貢獻) | Higher resolution |
2011年7月19日 (二) 03:19 | ![]() | 1,024 × 683(293 KB) | File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske)(對話 | 貢獻) | {{Information |Description=NASA image acquired July 12, 2011 If you have never been north of the Arctic Circle, it is easy to imagine that the “ice cap” at the top of the world is a uniform sheet of white. The reality, particularly during the spring |
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相機製造商 | Canon |
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相機型號 | Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XSi |
曝光時間 | 1/400 秒 (0.0025) |
光圈值 | f/14 |
ISO 速率 | 200 |
資料產生的日期時間 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
焦距 | 55毫米 |
影像標題 |
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方位 | 標準 |
水平解析度 | 72 dpi |
垂直解析度 | 72 dpi |
檔案修改日期時間 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
亮度與彩度位置 | 同時取樣 |
曝光模式 | 標準模式 |
Exif 版本 | 2.21 |
數位化的日期時間 | 2011年7月12日 (二) 16:40 |
每像素內含 |
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APEX 快門速度 | 8.625 |
APEX 光圈 | 7.625 |
APEX 曝光補償 | 0 |
測光模式 | 模式 |
閃光燈 | 閃光燈未開啟 |
時間數據亞秒數 | 03 |
文件建立時間數據亞秒數 | 03 |
文件數位化時間數據亞秒數 | 03 |
支援的 Flashpix 版本 | 1 |
色彩空間 | sRGB |
X 軸焦平面解析度 | 4,865.6036446469 |
Y 軸焦平面解析度 | 4,876.7123287671 |
焦平面解析度單位 | 英寸 |
自訂影像處理 | 一般程序 |
曝光模式 | 自動曝光 |
白平衡 | 自動白平衡 |
場景拍攝類型 | 標準 |
緊急性 | 1 |
IIM 版本 | 4 |