File:South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula.jpg
![File:South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula.jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/South_Shetland_Islands_and_Antarctic_Peninsula.jpg/800px-South_Shetland_Islands_and_Antarctic_Peninsula.jpg?20111205200911)
原始文件 (1,440 × 960像素,文件大小:393 KB,MIME类型:image/jpeg)
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摘要
[编辑]描述South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula.jpg |
English: The inclined equatorial orbit of the International Space Station (ISS) limits astronauts to nadir views of Earth—looking straight down from the spacecraft—between approximately 52 degrees North latitude and 52 degrees South. However, when viewing conditions are ideal, the crew can obtain detailed oblique images—looking outwards at an angle—of features at higher latitudes, such as Greenland or, in this image, Antarctica.
While the bulk of the continent of Antarctica sits over the South Pole, the narrow Antarctic Peninsula extends like a finger towards the tip of South America. The northernmost part of the Peninsula is known as Graham Land, a small portion of which (located at approximately 64 degrees South latitude) is visible at the top left in this astronaut photograph. Off the coast of Graham Land to the north-northwest, two of the South Shetland Islands—Livingston Island and Deception Island—are visible. Both have volcanic origins, and active volcanism at Deception Island has been recorded since 1800. (The last verified eruptive activity occurred in 1970.) Closer to the coastline of Graham Land, Brabant Island (not part of the South Shetlands) also includes numerous outcrops of volcanic rock, attesting to the complex tectonic history of the region. The ISS was located over the South Atlantic Ocean, approximately 1,800 kilometers (1,100 miles) to the northeast when this image was taken. This long viewing distance, combined with the highly oblique angle, accentuates the shadowing of the ground and provides a sense of the topography similar to the view you get from an airplane. It also causes foreshortening of features in the image, making them appear closer to each other than they actually are. For example, the distance between Livingston and Deception Islands is approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles). Astronaut photograph ISS029-E-41836 was acquired on October 4, 2011, with a Nikon D3 digital camera using a 1200 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 29 crew. The image has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast. Lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by William L. Stefanov, Jacobs/ESCG at NASA-JSC. The Earth Observatory's mission is to share with the public the images, stories, and discoveries about climate and the environment that emerge from NASA research, including its satellite missions, in-the-field research, and climate models |
日期 | |
来源 | http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=76583 |
作者 | ISS Expedition 29 crew |
许可协议
[编辑]Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
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注解 InfoField | 该图片含有注解:在维基媒体共享资源上查看注解 |
Livingstone Island
Deception Island
Brabant Island
Anvers Island
Liège Island
Hoseason Island
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元数据
此文件含有额外信息,这些信息可能是创建或数字化该文件时使用的数码相机或扫描仪所添加的。如果文件已从其原始状态修改,某些详细信息可能无法完全反映修改后的文件。
相机制造商 | NIKON CORPORATION |
---|---|
相机型号 | NIKON D3 |
曝光时间 | 1/640秒(0.0015625) |
光圈值 | f/11 |
感光度(ISO) | 400 |
数据生成日期时间 | 2011年10月4日 (二) 16:31 |
镜头焦距 | 1,200毫米 |
方向 | 正常 |
水平分辨率 | 240 dpi |
垂直分辨率 | 240 dpi |
使用软件 | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Macintosh |
文件修改日期时间 | 2011年12月2日 (五) 10:02 |
曝光程序 | 光圈优先 |
Exif版本 | 2.21 |
数字化日期时间 | 2011年10月4日 (二) 16:31 |
APEX快门速度 | 9.321928 |
APEX光圈 | 6.918863 |
APEX曝光补偿 | 0 |
最大光圈 | 6 APEX(f/8) |
测光模式 | 多区 |
光源 | 未知 |
闪光灯 | 闪光灯未点亮 |
修改时间厘秒数 | 16 |
数据生成时间厘秒数 | 16 |
数字化时间厘秒数 | 16 |
色彩空间 | 未标定 |
感光方法 | 单芯片彩色区域传感器 |
文件来源 | 数码相机 |
场景类型 | 直接拍摄的图像 |
自订图像处理 | 普通处理 |
曝光模式 | 自动曝光 |
白平衡 | 自动白平衡 |
数字变焦比率 | 1 |
35毫米胶片焦距 | 1,200毫米 |
场景拍摄类型 | 标准 |
场景控制 | 低增益 |
对比度 | 标准 |
饱和度 | 标准 |
锐度 | 标准 |
拍摄对象距离范围 | 未知 |
相机序列号 | 2054926 |
使用的镜头 | 600.0 mm f/4.0 |
评分(满分5分) | 0 |
元数据最后修改日期 | 2011年12月2日 (五) 05:02 |
原始文件唯一ID | 3CA01A9EF0829677905FAEA0C48D9181 |