Araneae

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Domain: Eukaryota • Regnum: Animalia • Subregnum: Eumetazoa • Cladus: Bilateria • Superphylum: Protostomia • Cladus: Ecdysozoa • Phylum: Arthropoda • Cladus: Arachnomorpha • Subphylum: Chelicerata • Classis: Arachnida • Ordo: Araneae Clerck, 1757
Wikispecies has an entry on:

Spiders that are dangerous to human beings[编辑]

  • Atrax robustus Very Dangerous Bites repeatedly and envenomates enthusiastically. (Ａustralian Venomous Funnel-web Spiders aggressively stand their ground.)
    Atrax robustus Very Dangerous Bites repeatedly and envenomates enthusiastically. (Ａustralian Venomous Funnel-web Spiders aggressively stand their ground.)
  • Range of the two genera (Hadronyche and Atrax) of venomous Australian funnel-web spiders.
    Range of the two genera (Hadronyche and Atrax) of venomous Australian funnel-web spiders.
  • Very dangerous Spiders of the genus Phoneutria aggressively stand their ground and are extremely venomous, but often give dry bites. (Brazilian Wandering Spiders)
    Very dangerous Spiders of the genus Phoneutria aggressively stand their ground and are extremely venomous, but often give dry bites. (Brazilian Wandering Spiders)
  • Latrodectus mactans Very dangerous Spiders of the genus Latrodectus typically avoid contact if at all possible. (There are many venomous "widow" spiders world-wide. Although venom quantities are lower than Atrax or phoneutria genera, due to their wide distribution they cause more deaths worldwide than any other spiders.)
    Latrodectus mactans Very dangerous Spiders of the genus Latrodectus typically avoid contact if at all possible. (There are many venomous "widow" spiders world-wide. Although venom quantities are lower than Atrax or phoneutria genera, due to their wide distribution they cause more deaths worldwide than any other spiders.)
  • Latrodectus species occur in almost all areas, worldwide, that are not terribly cold in the wintertime. Note that parts of Africa are an exception to this generality.
    Latrodectus species occur in almost all areas, worldwide, that are not terribly cold in the wintertime. Note that parts of Africa are an exception to this generality.
  • Loxoceles reclusa (Brown Recluse) Dangerous Spiders of the genus Loxoceles may end up in your bed or in undisturbed clothing. S. American species are the more dangerous. Necrotic venom can produce severe damage, but rarely causes death.
    Loxoceles reclusa (Brown Recluse) Dangerous Spiders of the genus Loxoceles may end up in your bed or in undisturbed clothing. S. American species are the more dangerous. Necrotic venom can produce severe damage, but rarely causes death.
  • Tegenaria agrestis Allegedly angerous. May end up in your bed or in undisturbed clothing. (Hobo spiders in the U.S. have been implicated in medically significant bites but the same species is not known to be a problem biter in Europe. They are not aggressive, and necrosis subsequent to bites may be caused by infections.)
    Tegenaria agrestis Allegedly angerous. May end up in your bed or in undisturbed clothing. (Hobo spiders in the U.S. have been implicated in medically significant bites but the same species is not known to be a problem biter in Europe. They are not aggressive, and necrosis subsequent to bites may be caused by infections.)
  • Chiracanthium inclusum(?). Troublesome symptoms; not known to be fatal. (Yellow sac spider) Body length 8 mm.
    Chiracanthium inclusum(?). Troublesome symptoms; not known to be fatal. (Yellow sac spider) Body length 8 mm.
  • Tarantulas of the genus Poecilotheria are reported to give bites that can sometimes produce spasms or "cramps" of great intensity and duration. The species that is reported to produce the most serious symptoms is striata (Mysore Ornamental).
    Tarantulas of the genus Poecilotheria are reported to give bites that can sometimes produce spasms or "cramps" of great intensity and duration. The species that is reported to produce the most serious symptoms is striata (Mysore Ornamental).

Suborder Mesothelae[编辑]

Suborder Mygalomorphae[编辑]

  • Digitally enhanced image of a Sphodros rufipes that shows the nearly perfectly vertical orientation of the chelicerae, a prime characteristic of the Mygalomorphae.
    Digitally enhanced image of a Sphodros rufipes that shows the nearly perfectly vertical orientation of the chelicerae, a prime characteristic of the Mygalomorphae.
  • Main gallery of the Mygalomorphae (including the so-called Tarantulas, Bird-eating spiders, 食鳥蛛, etc.)

Suborder Araneomorphae[编辑]

  • Digitally modified photograph showing "chopsticks" orientation of the chelicerae of the Araneomorphae.
    Digitally modified photograph showing "chopsticks" orientation of the chelicerae of the Araneomorphae.

General Images[编辑]

  • close up
    close up
  • dew in the morning
    dew in the morning
  • Spider web early in the morning
    Spider web early in the morning
  • Another spiral or "orb" web.
    Another spiral or "orb" web.
  • Spider in its web.
    Spider in its web.
  • Funneled spider net
    Funneled spider net
  • Funnel spider in Indiana

    Funnel spider in Indiana

  • Heptathela kimurai
    Heptathela kimurai

Mystery Spiders[编辑]

  • Araneus cingulatus, a species that builds its web in tree crowns. It is about 4 mm. long. This spider was collected in central North Carolina, USA.
    Araneus cingulatus, a species that builds its web in tree crowns. It is about 4 mm. long. This spider was collected in central North Carolina, USA.
  • Unknown spider found on rocks in streams of the Western Ghats One of the Pisauridae, possibly Dolomedes sulfureus (found in Japan) or Dolomedes fimbriatus (found in Europe)
    Unknown spider found on rocks in streams of the Western Ghats One of the Pisauridae, possibly Dolomedes sulfureus (found in Japan) or Dolomedes fimbriatus (found in Europe)
  • From India Appears to be a Gnaphosid.
    From India Appears to be a Gnaphosid.
  • From India, probably a male Neoscona crucifera
    From India, probably a male Neoscona crucifera
  • From India
    From India
  • Nephila from the Western Ghats (ventral view)
    Nephila from the Western Ghats (ventral view)
  • From Pennsylvania, United States in a pond. Redish spider has white bars and dots.
    From Pennsylvania, United States in a pond. Redish spider has white bars and dots.
  • Appears to be one of the jumping spiders
    Appears to be one of the jumping spiders
  • Brazil / São Paulo
    Brazil / São Paulo
  • Brazil / São Paulo
    Brazil / São Paulo
  • India
    India
  • India
    India
  • India
    India
  • Ireland (Araneus diadematus)
    Ireland (Araneus diadematus)
  • species of crabspider shot in Madagaskar
    species of crabspider shot in Madagaskar
  • Spider in Malaysia
    Spider in Malaysia
  • Unknown Spider, Southern California, United States
    Unknown Spider, Southern California, United States

Recently hatched spiders[编辑]

  • Araneus diadematus
    Araneus diadematus
  • Araneus diadematus
    Araneus diadematus
  • spider with her new hatch. It has been found as domestic and harmless.the length of the body of the mother trunk is less than 2mm. the hatched new born are not mobile yet.
    spider with her new hatch. It has been found as domestic and harmless.the length of the body of the mother trunk is less than 2mm. the hatched new born are not mobile yet.

Misc. photos[编辑]

Webs[编辑]

temp[编辑]

Various orb weavers[编辑]

  • orb
    orb
  • spiral, dew covered
    spiral, dew covered
  • Spiral, distorted where prey struggled
    Spiral, distorted where prey struggled
  • water droplets at nodes
    water droplets at nodes
  • spider vs. wasp
    spider vs. wasp
  • spider vs. wasp
    spider vs. wasp
  • Cyclosa sp. web
    Cyclosa sp. web
  • Spider silk anchored to one blade of grass.
    Spider silk anchored to one blade of grass.
  • Unknown Araneae
    Unknown Araneae
  • orb weaver
    orb weaver
  • orb weaver
    orb weaver
  • Orb weaver
    Orb weaver
  • Orb weaver
    Orb weaver
  • Orb weaver
    Orb weaver
  • Australia
    Australia
  • Orb weaver, black background
    Orb weaver, black background
  • Orb weaver, white background
    Orb weaver, white background
  • Orb weaver, white background
    Orb weaver, white background
  • Orb weaver, in front of moon
    Orb weaver, in front of moon
  • Orb weaver in web, black background
    Orb weaver in web, black background
  • Orb weaver, black background
    Orb weaver, black background
  • Orb weaver, black background
    Orb weaver, black background
  • Orb weaver, black background
    Orb weaver, black background
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Orb weaver,
    Orb weaver,
  • Zilla diodia
    Zilla diodia
  • Zilla diodia
    Zilla diodia

Unsorted[编辑]

  • a typical domestic spider with a big bunch of egg
    a typical domestic spider with a big bunch of egg
  • unidentified, Marki, Poland
    unidentified, Marki, Poland
  • probably Tegenaria, central Europe
    probably Tegenaria, central Europe
  • Water spider, araña de agua
    Water spider, araña de agua
  • Spider eating a bee
    Spider eating a bee
  • unidentified
    unidentified
  • tangle
    tangle
  • trap door spider
    trap door spider
  • Sere scene
    Sere scene
  • tangled form, depending from ceiling
    tangled form, depending from ceiling
  • color is not natural
    color is not natural
  • same as above, but natural color. Hobo spider?
    same as above, but natural color. Hobo spider?
  • Unidentified
    Unidentified
  • Water drops on spider web
    Water drops on spider web
  • Meta sp. from Norway
    Meta sp. from Norway
  • spider vs. dragonfly
    spider vs. dragonfly
  • Spain
    Spain
  • Spider moulting (modified by Romarin)
    Spider moulting (modified by Romarin)
  • Unknown spider eating fly
    Unknown spider eating fly
  • Leaf suspended in spider web
    Leaf suspended in spider web
  • Dew-laden spider web in foggy pasture
    Dew-laden spider web in foggy pasture
  • Red
    Red
  • unknown
    unknown
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Long Island or the Thousand Islands
    Long Island or the Thousand Islands
  • Unidentified Spider from Namibia
    Unidentified Spider from Namibia
  • Spider with new born
    Spider with new born

Anatomical details[编辑]

  • 60x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider that was itself 25mm long. Base of the chelicera is not shown.
    60x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider that was itself 25mm long. Base of the chelicera is not shown.
  • 10x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider 25mm long and the tip of the smallest sewing needle available in ordinary commerce.
    10x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider 25mm long and the tip of the smallest sewing needle available in ordinary commerce.
  • 10x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider 25mm long and the tip of the smallest hypodermic needle for animal husbandry use.
    10x microphotograph of the 2mm long fang of an immature Psalmopoeus cambridgei spider 25mm long and the tip of the smallest hypodermic needle for animal husbandry use.
  • Spider showing epigyne
    Spider showing epigyne

Misc. images[编辑]

Eye Patterns[编辑]
  • Hogna species wolf spider eye pattern.
    Hogna species wolf spider eye pattern.
  • Eye pattern of the orb weaving spiders.
    Eye pattern of the orb weaving spiders.
  • Eye pattern of Chiracanthium (yellow sac spider) genus.
    Eye pattern of Chiracanthium (yellow sac spider) genus.
  • Eye pattern of the Tetragnathidae.
    Eye pattern of the Tetragnathidae.
  • Eye pattern of the Plocidae (from above).
    Eye pattern of the Plocidae (from above).
  • Lycosidae eyes
    Lycosidae eyes
  • Salticidae eyes
    Salticidae eyes
Diagrams[编辑]
  • Cephalothorax of a typical wolf spider.
    Cephalothorax of a typical wolf spider.
  • Body parts of the spider.
    Body parts of the spider.
  • Eye pattern of the wolf spiders. 1. Egg sac, 2. Chelicerae, 3. Pedipalps
    Eye pattern of the wolf spiders. 1. Egg sac, 2. Chelicerae, 3. Pedipalps
  • "Squared-off" cephalothorax of the jumping spiders.
    "Squared-off" cephalothorax of the jumping spiders.
  • Eye pattern of the jumping spiders.
    Eye pattern of the jumping spiders.
  • Ventral diagram of the typical spider.
    Ventral diagram of the typical spider.
  • Digitally modified photograph showing "chopsticks" orientation of the chelicerae of the Araneomorphae.
    Digitally modified photograph showing "chopsticks" orientation of the chelicerae of the Araneomorphae.
  • Digitally enhanced image of a Sphodros rufipes that shows the nearly perfectly vertical orientation of the chelicerae typical of the Mygalomorphae.
    Digitally enhanced image of a Sphodros rufipes that shows the nearly perfectly vertical orientation of the chelicerae typical of the Mygalomorphae.
  • The fang portion folds back into the chelicera as the blade of a pocket knife folds back into its handle.
    The fang portion folds back into the chelicera as the blade of a pocket knife folds back into its handle.
  • Cut-away drawing of the cephalothorax and chelicerae, with venom glands and surrounding muscles.
    Cut-away drawing of the cephalothorax and chelicerae, with venom glands and surrounding muscles.
  • Drawing showing how the "fang" portion of the chelicera articulates with the main part of the chelicera, and how the latter articulates with the cephalothorax.
    Drawing showing how the "fang" portion of the chelicera articulates with the main part of the chelicera, and how the latter articulates with the cephalothorax.

See also[编辑]

取自“https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Araneae&oldid=728912366”