File:A tour of four great rivers; the Hudson, Mohawk, Susquehanna and Delaware in 1769; being the journal of Richard Smith of Burlington, New Jersey; (1906) (14580460149).jpg

Identifier: touroffourgreatr02smit (find matches)
Title: A tour of four great rivers; the Hudson, Mohawk, Susquehanna and Delaware in 1769; being the journal of Richard Smith of Burlington, New Jersey;
Year: 1906 (1900s)
Authors: Smith, Richard, 1735-1803. (from old catalog) Halsey, Francis Whiting, 1851- (from old catalog) ed
Subjects: Pioneers -- Middle Atlantic States Hudson River (N.Y. and N.J.) Mohawk River (N.Y.) Susquehanna River Delaware River (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) New York (State) -- Description and travel
Publisher: New York, C. Scribner's sons
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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, villages and parishes; and twentyyears later the number of saw-mills—and a saw-millwas a first necessity to pioneers—was only forty.1 Thepopulation was about eight thousand in 1678. Ofthese the city alone had 3,430, who were housed inabout four hundred dwellings. Long Island, StatenIsland and Westchester County, being less exposedto hostilities than other neighborhoods, containedthe greater part of the remainder. Twenty yearslater the Province had 17,000 inhabitants, of whom4,937 were in the City, and 8,241 on Long Island.In Orange County were only 219; in Ulster andDutchess 1,387, and in Albany County, which thenextended over all territory in the Province west andnorth of the present limits of Albany County, were1,384^ Few of the immigrants had yet come fromthe British Isles. In 1687 Governor Dongan de-clared that, in the course of seven years, not more 1 Bellomont to the Lords of Trade and Plantations. 2 Returns printed in the Documentary History of the State of NewYork. xxxii
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PIONEERS OF THE HUDSON than twenty of the immigrants were English, Scotchor Irish. One important cause of this disinclination to settlein New York was the use made of the Colony byEngland as a place to which objectionable or crimi-nal persons were deported. The Colony thus ac-quired a bad name. Moreover, it became a favoriteresort for pirates, to whom it was not inhospitable,Captain Kidd being among the number received. Italso maintained, at the foot of Wall Street, a slavemarket, the number of slaves in the Province in1723 being more than 6,000, and not all wereblack.1 The city itself failed at times to keep suchheadway as it gained. Lieutenant Governor Clarke,2in 1741, declared that, when he arrived in the Prov-ince, he found the shipbuilding almost dead, andone hundred houses empty for want of tenants.In these circumstances, while men who were am-bitious of official life eagerly sought positions inNew York, others who desired to take up industrialpursuits and rear families, preferr

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