File:Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution (1908) (14584030137).jpg

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Identifier: annualreportofbo1908smitfo (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution
Year: 1846 (1840s)
Authors: Smithsonian Institution. Board of Regents United States National Museum. Report of the U.S. National Museum Smithsonian Institution. Report of the Secretary
Subjects: Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution. Archives Discoveries in science
Publisher: Washington : Smithsonian Institution
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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sary; other-wise the teeth be-come as smooth aspolished marble,and as the rate ofgrowth is nicelyadjusted to nor-mal wear theelephant suffersgreatly when giv-en improper food.The number ofplates in the larg-est teeth variesfrom 10 to 11 inthe African ele-phant to 27 in theIndian. The hairy mammoth had the most numerous and finestplates of all, representing in this respect the culmination ofevolution. The tusks are merely modified incisor teeth of the upper jawwhich continue to grow throughout life. They are composed entirelyof dentine or ivory of a superlative quality, the enamel being reducedto a small patch at the tip, which soon becomes worn away. Thetusks have various uses, but their primitive purpose is for digging.The African elephant is so industrious a digger that the right tuskis always the shorter, as it has to bear the brunt of the work. Tusksare so small as to be apparently absent in the female Indian ele-phant and often in the male, while they are present in both sexes in
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Pig. 5.—Crown view and section of a molar tooth, original. EVOLUTION OF THE ELEPHANT LULL. 647 the African species. In size they are always much smaller in theIndian form, as 76 pounds is the maximum weight for a single tusk,while the greatest recorded size of those of the African elephant is10 feet f inch in length by 23 inches in circumference at the base,with a weight of 224 pounds for the right tusk, while the left meas-ured 10 feet 3^ inches in length by 24; inches in circumference andweighed 239 pounds, a total of 463 pounds for the pair. MENTALITY. In spite of its archaic type the brain is large and the surface ishighly convoluted, the weight being on the average 8J pounds—morethan double that of man. The intelligence of the elephant has beenexaggerated by some writers and greatly minimized by others. SirHenry Baker, a British explorer, and the German naturalist Schil-lings give us the most unbiased view of the mentality of the ele-phant. Elephants possess a remarkable memo

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1908
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28 July 2014

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current04:24, 20 September 2015Thumbnail for version as of 04:24, 20 September 20151,246 × 1,120 (333 KB) (talk | contribs)== {{int:filedesc}} == {{subst:chc}} {{information |description={{en|1=<br> '''Identifier''': annualreportofbo1908smitfo ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&profile=default&fulltext=Search&search=insource%3A%2Fannualrepor...

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