File:Anthropology; an introduction to the study of man and civilization (1896) (14597002749).jpg

Identifier: anthropologyint00tylo (find matches)
Title: Anthropology; an introduction to the study of man and civilization
Year: 1896 (1890s)
Authors: Tylor, Edward Burnett, Sir, 1832-1917
Subjects: Anthropology Civilization
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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imateand circumstances may supplant the old. On this theory,the present kangaroos of Australia, sloths of South America,and elephants of India, are not only the successors but theactual descendants of extinct ones, and the fossil bones oftertiary horse like animals with three-toed and four toedfeet show what the remote ancestors of our horses werelike, in ages before the unused toes dwindled to the splint-bones which represent them in the horses leg now. Ac-cording to the doctrine of descent, when several species ofanimals living at the same time show close resemblance instricture, it is inferred that this resemblance must have beeninherited by all from one ancestral species. Now of all themammalia, or animals which suckle their young, thosewhose structure brings them closest to man are the apes or monkeys, and among these the catarhine or near-nostrilled apes of the Old World, and among these thegroup called anthropoid or manlike, which inhabit tropicai II.) MAN AND OTHER ANIMALS. 39
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-^ «« 4a ANTHROPOLOGY. (cHAP. forests frcm Africa to the Eastern Archipelago. By nowcomparin_3^ their skebtons, it will be seen that in any scaleof nature or scheme of creation these animals must beplaced in somewhat close relation to man. No competentanatomist who has examined the bodily structure of theseapes considers it possible that man can be descended fromany of them, but according to the doctrine of descent theyappear as the nearest existing offshoots from the sameprimitive stock whence man also came. Professor Huxleys Mans Place in Nature, in which thisanatomical comparison is made, contains a celebrated draw-ing which is copied in Fig. 5 as the readiest means of show-ing how the anthropoid apes correspond bone for bone withourselves. At the same time it illustrates some main pointsin which their bodily actions are unlike ours. It has beensaid that the child first takes on him the dignity of manwhen he leaves off going on all-fours. But in fact, stand-ing and walking uprigh

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