File:Elementary anatomy, physiology and hygiene for higher grammar grades (1900) (14778744521).jpg

Identifier: cu31924031222031 (find matches)
Title: Elementary anatomy, physiology and hygiene for higher grammar grades
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Hall, Winfield Scott, b. 1861
Subjects: Human anatomy Physiology Hygiene
Publisher: New York, American Book Co
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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b. This tube is called theaorta. All of the tubes which carry blood away from the heartare called arteries. The aorta is the main trunk of thissystem of tubes. The accompanying plate (page 137)shows the aorta passing upward from the base of theheart, curving around at the base of the neck, and thenpassing downward along the spinal column. Notice thatit gives off branches as it passes downward and thereforebecomes smaller and smaller, and divides into two mainbranches, one passing to each leg. The larger divisions of the aorta are those which passto the legs and arms, next in size being those which passto the kidneys (page 137). These large branches sub-divide into numerous smaller branches and twigs, thesubdivisions passing outward in every direction, andcarrying the blood stream to every portion of every tissuein the body. When the blood reaches the tissues which it is tonourish, the artery subdivides into branches not largerthan a needle. These little arteries are called arterioles.
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138 PHYSIOLOGY The arterioles finally subdivide into a network of minutehairlike branches called capillaries. Many of the capil-laries are so fine that there is room for only one corpuscleto pass along at a time. These capillaries have walls sothin that the blood plasma can ooze through as the bloodfilters through the tissues. Several venules coming together form a vein, and onevein emptying into another viill form a large venoustrunk. Eefer to page 137, and notice the venous trunkgetting larger and larger as it passes toward the heart,receiving branches from either side. The large veinwhich passes up through the abdomen tothe right auricle of the heart is the inferiorvena cava; the one which comes down fromthe head and arms, enlptying into the rightauricle, is the superior, vena cava. It has been mentioned above that thewall of the aorta is very thick and strong.It is composed mostly of very dense,strong, elastic fibers of connective tissue,but there are some muscular fibers in theou

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