File:Evolution and animal life; an elementary discussion of facts, processes, laws and theories relating to the life and evolution of animals (1907) (14771024994).jpg

English:
Nestlings of American Bittern. Four birds, two weeks old, at which age they showed marked fear of man. Photograph by E. N. Tabor, Meridian, NY, June 8, 1898.

Identifier: evolutionanimall00jord (find matches)
Title: Evolution and animal life; an elementary discussion of facts, processes, laws and theories relating to the life and evolution of animals
Year: 1907 (1900s)
Authors: Jordan, David Starr, 1851-1931 Kellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman), 1867-1937
Subjects: Evolution
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton and Company
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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acmillan Co., publishers of Bird Lore.) The play instinct is developed in numerous animals. Tothis class belong the wrestlings and mimic fights of youngdogs, bear cubs, seal pups, and young beasts generally. Catsand kittens play with mice. Squirrels play in the trees. Per-haps it is the play impulse that leads the shrike or butcher birdto impale small birds and beetles on the thorns about its nest,a ghastly kind of ornament that seems to confer satisfactionon the bird itself. The talking of the parrots and their imita-tions of the sounds they hear seem to be of the nature of play.The greater their superfluous energy the more they will talk.Much of the singing of birds, and the crying, calling, and howling 436 EVOLUTION AND ANIMAL LIFE of other animals, are mere play, although singing primarilybelongs to the period of reproduction, and other calls and criesresult from social instincts or from the instinct to care for theyoung. Climatic instincts are those which arise from the change of
Text Appearing After Image:
FIG. 270.—Nestlings of American bittern. Four birds, of which two are shown in Fig.269, two weeks old, at which age they showed marked fear of man. (Photographby E. N. Tabor, Meridian, N. Y., June 8, 1898. Permission of Macmillan Co.,publishers of Bird Lore.) the seasons. When the winter comes the fur seal takes itslong swim to the southward; the wild geese range themselvesin wedge-shaped flocks and fly high and far, calling loudly asthey go; the bobolinks straggle away one at a time, flyingmostly in the night, and most of the smaller birds in coldcountries move away toward the tropics. All these movementsspring from the migratory instinct. Another climatic instinctleads the bear to hide in a cave or hollow tree, where he sleeps REFLEXES, INSTINCT, AND REASON or hibernates till spring. In some cases the climatic instinctmerges in the homing instinct and the instinct of reproduction.When the birds move north in the spring they sing, mate,

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