File:Image from page 42 of "Water reptiles of the past and present" (1914) (14770617094).jpg

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Identifier: waterreptilesofp1914will Title: Water reptiles of the past and present Year: 1914 (1910s) Authors: Williston, Samuel Wendell, 1851-1918 Subjects: Aquatic reptiles Publisher: Chicago, Ill., The University of Chicago Press Contributing Library: Boston Public Library Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Public Library


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Text Appearing Before Image: behind. As in mammals, the vertebrae of thedifferent regions have received distinc-tive names, cervical, dorsal, lumbar,sacral, and caudal. The numbers ofeach region are far more variable thanthey are among mammals, the totalnumber of vertebrae in the columnvarying from about thirty to more thanfive hundred, in certain snakes. Norare the different regions always easilydistinguishable, especially those in frontof the sacrum. In the earliest reptilesthere was practically no neck, and onlytwo vertebrae, the atlas and axis, thatproperly can be called cervical. Verysoon, however, the reptiles developed alonger neck with seven vertebrae, a number that has remained singularly constant in higher animals,,especially in the mammals. In most modern reptiles there arefrom seven to nine; in a few lizards, five. But the number wasmuch more inconstant among the older reptiles; some of theplesiosaurs had as many as seventy-six cervical vertebrae; some ofthe older lizards even had as many as eighteen.

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 14.— Rhachitomousdorsal vertebra of Eryops: n,neurocentrum or arch; pi,pleurocentrum; i, inter-centrum or hypocentrum; az,anterior zygapophysis; pz, pos-terior zygapophysis; d, diapo-physis, for tubercle of rib; p,parapophysis, for head of rib. 32 WATER REPTILES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT


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Source Image from page 42 of "Water reptiles of the past and present" (1914)
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