File:Image from page 59 of "Water reptiles of the past and present" (1914) (14586507527).jpg

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Identifier: waterreptilesofp1914will Title: Water reptiles of the past and present Year: 1914 (1910s) Authors: Williston, Samuel Wendell, 1851-1918 Subjects: Aquatic reptiles Publisher: Chicago, Ill., The University of Chicago Press Contributing Library: Boston Public Library Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Public Library


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Text Appearing Before Image: 48 WATER REPTILES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT Upper Carboniferous, or Pennsylvanian, however, not only numer-ous footprints but the actual skeletons, or impressions of skeletons,have long been known in Europe and America. Until recentlyall these footprints and skeletons were supposed to be exclusivelyamphibian. We are now almost sure that some of them belongedto reptiles of lowly type, the earliest coming from near the middleof the Pennsylvanian of Linton, Ohio. The amphibians of thisperiod were, for the most part, salamander-like creatures of from afew inches to two or three feet in length. They all belong to thegroup collectively known as the Stegocephalia, except that verynear the close of the period there appeared small, slender, small-

Text Appearing After Image: FiG. 25.—-Restoration of Seymouria, the most primitive of known cotylosaurreptiles. From the Permian of Texas, about two feet long. legged aquatic forms which seem to be the ancient representatives ofthe real salamanders of modern times. Some of the Stegocephalianshad become greatly specialized as legless, snake-like, or eel-likecreatures. By the beginning of Permian times tremendous changes hadtaken place in the land life. The small amphibians of the Car-boniferous types dwindled away, soon to disappear, and theirplaces were taken by others of peculiar types, for the most partlarger; and by many and diverse kinds of reptiles—water reptiles,marsh reptiles, land reptiles, and even climbing tree reptiles.From the uppermost Carboniferous and Lower Permian rocks of THE AGE OF REPTILES 49 the United States more than fifty genera and twice that manyspecies of amphibians and reptiles have been made known inrecent years, and doubtless as many more will be discovered in thefuture. From oth


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