File:The American botanist and florist; including lessons in the structure, life, and growth of plants; together with a simple analytical flora, descriptive of the native and cultivated plants growing in (14595798700).jpg

Identifier: americanbotani00wood (find matches)
Title: The American botanist and florist; including lessons in the structure, life, and growth of plants; together with a simple analytical flora, descriptive of the native and cultivated plants growing in the Atlantic division of the American union
Year: 1870 (1870s)
Authors: Wood, Alphonso, 1810-1881
Subjects: Botany
Publisher: New York, Chicago, A.S. Barnes & company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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acid, iodine, or alcohol. It thus becomes col-ored, contracts, and lies loose in the cell (472). 374. The cell-wall is easily permeated by fluids flowing inand out. It must, therefore, be regarded as porous; althoughit appears perfectly entire even under the highest magnifier. 375. A secondary layer is subsequently added to the outerlayer, between it and the primordial utricle, as if to strengthenit. This new layer is seldom entire, but perforated and cleftin a great variety of patterns, leaving certain points or partsof the cell-wall still bare and discernible by their transparency.Hence the following varieties : 376. Wood-cells^ which are finally filled up by the Iepetitions THE VEGETABLE CELL. 125 of the secondary layers, leaving only minute points of the origi-nal cell-wall bare and transparent. A remarkable variety ofthe wood-cell is seen in the Pine and Coniferge in general, wherethe points are large, transparent, and surrounded by two orthree rino-s. These we call Pitted cells.
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466, Polyhedral cells of parenchyma in pith of Elder. 467, Stellate cells in pith of Rush. 468, Sphericalceils iu Houseleek. 469. Wood-cells of the Flax fibre. 470. Cellular tissue of a jouug rootlet. 377. Spiral cells, where the secondary layer consists of spiralfibres or bands. There may be a single fibre, or several (2 to20) united into a band. It is usually elastic, and may be drawnout and uncoiled. These beautiful cells may be well seen in ashoot of Elder, hi the petiole of Rhubarb, Geranium, Strawberry.In the tw^o latter, if gently pulled asunder, the coiled fibres ap-pear to the naked eye. 378. Annular cells, when there are numerous rings Avithin,instead of a spiral coil, as in the stems of Balsam and someCryptogamia. ScalariforTii cells, when the rings seem conjoinedby bars crossing between them, giving an appearance comparedto a ladder (scala), as in the Vine and Ferns. Porous cells, withthe secondary layers full of perforations; reticulated cells, as if anet-work ; and many

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