File:The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary and Greek lexicon; forming a glossary of all the words representing visible objects connected with the arts, manufactures, and every-day life of the (14804240863).jpg

Identifier: illustratedcompa00rich (find matches)
Title: The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary and Greek lexicon; forming a glossary of all the words representing visible objects connected with the arts, manufactures, and every-day life of the Greeks and Romans, with representations of nearly two thousand objects from the antique
Year: 1849 (1840s)
Authors: Rich, Anthony, 1803 or 1804-1891
Subjects: Classical dictionaries
Publisher: London, Longmans
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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t of which see that word. 3. Calceus repandus. A shoewith a long pointed toe bent upwardsor backwards. (Cic.Nat. Deor. i. 29., butthe diminutive is usedbecause applied to afemale.) This formappears to have been of great anti-quity, for it is frequently seen inEgyptian and Etruscan monuments,from which latter people it came, likemany other of their fashions, to theRomans, and remained in commonuse in many parts of Europe until alate period of the middle ages, Theillustration here given is Etruscan(Gori, Mus. Etrusc. tab. 3. and 47.),but it resembles exactly the shoesworn by a figure of Juno Lanuvinaon a Roman denarius (Visconti,Mus. P. Clem. torn. 2. tav. A. vii.No. 12.), which is draped in everyrespect as Cicero (/. c.) describes her.In a passage of Cato, quoted by Festus(s. Mulleos), the epithet uncinatus is,according to Scaligers emendation,applied to a shoe of this character ;and the term uncipedes to the personswho wore them, by Tertullian, dePall 5. o 2 100 CALCULATOR. CALDAR1UM.
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CALCULATOR. An account-ant (Mart. Ep. x. 62.): so calledbecause the ancientsused to reckon withsmall stones (calculi)upon a board coveredwith sand. (Isidor.Orig. x. 43. Aba-cus.) The exampleis from an Etruscangem, and represents an arithmeticiansitting at a table on which the peb-bles for making his calculations areseen, while the counting board, in-scribed in Etruscan characters, whichare interpreted to mean a calcu-lator, is held in his left hand. CALCULUS 0;rfftos). Literallya pebble, or small stone worn roundby friction, which was employed bythe ancients for several purposes, asfollows: — 1. For mosaic work. Plin. H. N.xxxvi. 67. 2. A counter for reckoning. Cic.Amic. 16. preceding wood-cut, andAbacus. 3. A pebble used in voting, whichwas thrown into the urn ; a whiteone to acquit, and a black one tocondemn. Ovid. Met. xv. 41. 4. A counter employed in games ofchance or skill, for the same purposeas our chess and draughtsmen; andthe term is applied indiscriminatelyto the men emplo

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