File:Timber trees and forests of North Carolina (1897) (14586661179).jpg

Identifier: timbertreesfores01pinc (find matches)
Title: Timber trees and forests of North Carolina
Year: 1897 (1890s)
Authors: Pinchot, Gifford, 1865-1946 Ashe, W. W. (William Willard), 1872-1932, joint author
Subjects: Trees Forests and forestry
Publisher: Winston, M. I. & J. C. Stewart, public printers
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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and are sometimes shal-low. Those of the sedimentary bottoms are more loamy andcoarser, with more organic constituents and less clayey, sometimesunderlaid by pipe clay, and ill-drained. The soils of the lowerslopes are generally deep and are the most clayey. FOREST TREES OF THE HIGHER MOUNTAINS. The forests of the high mountains may be divided into (1) thoselying on the crests, and on the slopes facing the south, and (2)those of the north slopes and hollows, and along the bottom lands.The soils of south hill-sides are drier and are thinner than thoseon slopes with a northerly aspect, and the amount of light andheat is greater than is secured on hill-sides with equal inclinationto the north, and the trees are consequently of more light-demand-ing kinds. The trees occurring on the slopes facing the north and in thehollows are: hemlock, birches, maples, beech, chestnut, red oak,white oak, great laurel, yellow poplar, white ash, cucumber, N. C. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. BULLETIN 6. PLATE XXIII.
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MIXED HARDWOOD FOREST OF THE MOUNTAIN REGION CONDITION OF THE FORESTS. 221 buckeye. The characteristic trees which are to be foundon the northern slopes and hollows are: hemlock, i^reat laurel,sweet birch, yellow birch. (Plate XXIII.) On the southern slopes and alone; the gravelly crests of the hillsthe growth is less varied, being largely composed of chestnut,white oak, red oak, black oak, and chestnut oak. The forest onsouthern slopes is less dense than on northern and the trees aresmaller. CONDITION OF THE FORESTS. The cover of these forests has scarcely been broken, the to))s ofthe trees presenting a nearly uniform surface throughout, thecrowns closely interlocking and forming a dense shade. Beneaththem is a good floor, usually free from grass and weeds and gen-erally with a deep humus. On the best soils along the lower slopes and bottoms the forestsattain an average height of from 90 to 120 feet, with clear shafts of60 to 90 feet, bearing narrow crowns. On the poorer and thinners

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