Italian Wars

Campaigns of Charles VIII and Gonzalo de Córdoba

Movements leading up to the Battle of Seminara

Battle of Garigliano (1503)

European dominions of Charles V in 1519

Battles in Lombardy in 1521–25

Site of the Battle of Bicocca

Battle of Bicocca

Campaign before the Battle of Pavia

Western Europe in 1525

Battles in northern France during the Italian War of 1542-46

Maneuvers before the Battle of Ceresole

Initial positions at the Battle of Ceresole

First phase of the Battle of Ceresole

Second phase of the Battle of Ceresole

Eastern frontier of France in 1559

The death of Gaston de Foix in the Battle of Ravenna, oil on canvas by Ary Scheffer, c. 1824

Battle of Novara, woodcut by Johannes Stumpf, 1548

Battle of Marignano

Detail of a tapestry depicting the Battle of Pavia

Battle of Pavia, oil on panel by an anonymous Flemish artist

Charles V visits François Ier after the Battle of Pavia, watercolor on paper by Richard Parkes Bonington, c. 1827

Study of Fortification for the Porta al Prato of Ognissanti, pen and ink, watercolor, and red pencil by Michelangelo Buonarroti, c. 1529–30

Siege of Florence, fresco by Giorgio Vasari, c. 1558

Siege of Nice in 1543, by Toselli, after an engraving by Aeneas Vico

Portrait of Guillaume Gouffier, Seigneur de Bonnivet by Jean Clouet, c. 1516

Sketch of Odet de Foix, Seigneur de Lautrec by Jean Clouet, early 16th century

Equestrian statue of Gonzalo de Córdoba