Pinus sylvestris

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Vernacular names

English: Scots Pine · Aragonés: Pin royo · Беларуская: Хвоя звычайная · ‪Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‬: Хвоя звычайная · Български: Бял бор · Català: Pi roig · Чӑвашла: Хыр · Česky: Borovice lesní · Dansk: Skov-Fyr · Deutsch: Waldkiefer · Eesti: Harilik mänd · Español: Pino silvestre · Esperanto: Arbara pino · Français: Pin sylvestre · Hornjoserbsce: Pěskowa chójna · Hrvatski: Obični bor · Íslenska: Skógarfura · Italiano: Pino silvestre · Kaszëbsczi: Sosna · Latviešu: Parastā priede · Lietuvių: Paprastoji pušis · Magyar: Erdeifenyő · Nederlands: Grove den · 日本語: ヨーロッパアカマツ · ‪Norsk (bokmål)‬: Furu · ‪Norsk (nynorsk)‬: Furu · Polski: Sosna zwyczajna · Português: Pinheiro silvestre · Română: Pin de pădure · Русский: Сосна обыкновенная · Sámegiella: Beahci · Slovenčina: Borovica lesná · Slovenščina: Rdeči bor · Suomi: Mänty · Svenska: Tall · Türkçe: Sarıçam (bitki) · Українська: Сосна звичайна · Žemaitėška: Pošis · 中文: 歐洲赤松 ·

Domain: Eukaryota • Regnum: Plantae • Phylum: Pinophyta • Ordo: Pinales • Familia: Pinaceae • Genus: Pinus • Species: Pinus sylvestris L.

Rothiemurchus Forest, Scotland
Monadh Mor, Scotland
Beinn a' Bhuird, Scotland
Glen Affric, Scotland
Glen Affric, Scotland
Herzogstand-Heimgarten, Bavaria, Germany
Pine forest, Poland
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Molveno, northern Italy
Spittal of Glenmuick, Cairngorm National Park, Scotland
Treeline, Cairngorms, Scotland
Bog forest, Cairngorms, Scotland
Glenmore Forest, Speyside, Scotland
Glenmore Forest, Speyside, Scotland
Glen Quoich, Cairngorm National Park, Scotland
Loch Garten, Nethybridge, Scotland
Deeside, Mar Lodge, Scotland
Loch Garten, Nethybridge, Scotland
Near Aviemore, Scotland
Deeside, Mar Lodge, Scotland: April 2005
Enskededalen, Sweden
Marki, Poland
Forest, Gotska Sandön, Sverige
Northern Öland, Sweden
Trees, Suomi (Finland)
Trees, Suomi (Finland)
Yyteri, Finland
Yyteri, Finland
Finland
Forest, Karelia, Russia
Forest (with one Pinus sibirica sapling just left of closest tree), Khanty-Mansiyskiy, Russia
Tree, Lake Baikal, Russia
Tree, Russia
Tree, Russia
Pine forest in Poland
Hainberg, Germany
Forest in Germany
Forest in Brandenburg (Germany) (am Wietkikenberg am Rande der Zauche)
Forest in Brandenburg (Germany), Pinesnaturetaper ratio on poor locations
Cladonio-Pinetum in northern Germany
Trees, Forêt de Tronçais, France
Pinewood in Bavaria
Tree, 160 years old, Poland
With Betula pendula, Sweden
Trees, Sweden
Eastern Norway
Tree with exposed roots, Poland
Bark (nl:bast), Netherlands
Bark (upper trunk) Germany
Rendalen, Norway
Białowieża, Poland
Białowieża, Poland
Białowieża, Poland
Natural reserve Jeleniak Mikuliny, Poland
En: monument of nature in Wełecz
Pl: pomnik przyrody na skraju lasu w Wełczu
Forest in Brandenburg (Germany)
Burgwald, Germany
Burgwald, Germany
Naturreserve Hainberg, Germany
Blefjell, Norway
Polski: Leśnictwo Czarna Struga, nadleśnictwo Drewnica, Polska.
Marki, Poland.
Marki, Poland.
Marki, Poland
Beskid Żywiecki, Poland.

[edit] Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestris, Atlantic ecotype

Western Scotland (endemic), ? Ireland (extinct)

Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland

[edit] Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis

Near Granada, España
Near Granada, España
Near Granada, España
Sierra Nevada, España

[edit] Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

[edit] Pinus sylvestris var. hamata

Ilgaz Dag, NE Turkey
Eflani, N Turkey
Babugan, Crimea, Ukraine
Eskidemirkapı, Göle, NE Turkey
In snow, Bakuriani, Caucasus Mts., Georgia
In snow, Bakuriani, Caucasus Mts., Georgia
Foliage and cones, Bulgaria
Foliage and cone, Bulgaria
Foliage and pollen cones, Bulgaria

[edit] Naturalised trees

(nl:Wekeromse Zand)
(nl:Wekeromse Zand)
Trees in Denmark
Trees in Denmark
Tree in Denmark
Tree in Denmark
Solitary tree, Denmark

[edit] Foliage and cones

New cones in spring
Yong cone in summer
Shoot with buds, Lithuania
Young shoots; Kiev, Ukraine, 18 May
shoot with 2-year old seed cone (open, brown), one-year old seed cone (green), and new seed cones (red) and pollen cones (yellow); cultivated, UK
Shoot with cones
Shoot with cone
Shoot with cones
Shoot with old seed cone and pollen cones, Celje, Slovenia
Foliage and cones, Deutschland
Pollen cones, Poland
Pollen cones, Bialowieza, Poland
Pollen cones, Kiev, Ukraine, 18 May
Pollen cones, Bialowieza, Poland
Pollen cones with pollen, Bialowieza, Poland
Young seed cone at pollination with pollen, Bialowieza, Poland
Mature open cones, Segovia, España
Mature open cone, Segovia, España
Mature open cones, cultivated, UK
Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis, shoot with pollen cones
Pinus sylvestris near Boronów, in Park Krajobrazowy Lasy nad Górną Liswartą
Cultivated, North Dakota, USA
Groundcover, Białowieża, Poland
Groundcover, Białowieża, Poland
Seedling, Czech Republic
Seedlings

[edit] Pollen and seed

f.plant21. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant22. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant23. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant24. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
Pollen floating in peatland lake.

[edit] Ecology

Tree with Cronartium flaccidium disease, Sosna pospolita z obwarem sosny, Kiefernrindenblasenrost / Kienzopf, blister rust, Białowieża forest, Poland, 03.2006
Hole made by Dendrocopos sp., dziupla po dzięciole w sośnie, Brok, Poland, 04.2006
Hole made by Dendrocopos sp., dziupla po dzięciole w sośnie, Brok, Poland, 04.2006
Rubbing damage by deer in Białowieża forest; Spałowana sosna pospolita na terenie Puszczy Białowieskiej, Poland, 2006
Old fire damage in a dry Pine Pinus sylvestris, Nybrändberget, Grangärde, Sweden.
Old stump, resistant wood preserved because of much resin. Björbo, Dalarna, Sweden
Witch's broom
Plant with dwarfism caused by a harsh and nutritient-poor environment.
Plant with dwarfism caused by a harsh and nutritient-poor environment.

[edit] Distribution

Distribution map
Distribution map

[edit] Planted trees

Pine plantation in Brandenburg, Germany
Planted trees in a park, Netherlands
Planted trees in a park, Netherlands
Cultivated, North Dakota, USA
Cultivated, Morton Arboretum, Illinois, USA
Cultivated, Maine, USA

[edit] Cultivars

P. sylvestris 'Watereri'
P. sylvestris 'Watereri'
P. sylvestris 'Watereri'
Pinus sylvestris 'fastigiata' in the Arboretum de Chèvreloup in Rocquencourt.

[edit] Wood and other products

Cones harvested for seed extraction
Tree tapped for resin harvesting, Poland
Harzlachte
Resin pocket
25-35 year branch
The two boards to the left are both of Pine tree wood (Pinus sylvestris), and the one to the right is of spruce wood (Picea abies).
Tree rings of Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine). (Dalarna, Sweden)
Crosscut from a more than 200 years old stump, Dalarna, Sweden
Log with blue stain fungus, Sinizna na przekroju poprzecznym sosny pospolitej, Białowieża forest, Poland, 07.2006
Dual pith with bark pocket on Pinus sylvestris, dwurdzenność z zakorkiem na sośnie pospolitej, Białowieża forest, Poland, 06.2006
Pseudo multi pith on Pinus sylvestris (knots), Pozorna wielordzenność na pniu sosny pospolitej (sęki przecięte powyżej okółka), Białowieża forest, Poland, 06.2006
Cut log showing dark heartwood and pale sapwood
A stump of a pine one day after the tree was cut down.
Planks
Logs