Pinus sylvestris

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Main category: Pinus sylvestris

Domain: Eukaryota • Regnum: Plantae • Phylum: Pinophyta • Ordo: Pinales • Familia: Pinaceae • Genus: Pinus • Species: Pinus sylvestris L.

Wikispecies has an entry on:

Pinus sylvestris

Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Pinus sylvestris']

English: Scots Pine
العربية: صنوبر بري
مصرى: صنوبر برى
azərbaycanca: Adi şam
تۆرکجه: ساریچام
башҡортса: Ҡарағай
беларуская: Хвоя звычайная
беларуская (тарашкевіца): хвоя звычайная
български: Бял бор
bosanski: Bijeli bor
català: Pi roig
čeština: Borovice lesní
kaszëbsczi: Sosna
чӑвашла: Хыр
Cymraeg: Pinwydden yr Alban
dansk: Skovfyr
Deutsch: Waldkiefer
dolnoserbski: Pěskowa chójca
Ελληνικά: Δασική πεύκη
Esperanto: Arbara pino
eesti: Harilik mänd
euskara: Pinu gorri
فارسی: کاج اسکاتلندی
suomi: Mänty
français: Pin sylvestre
Gaeilge: Péine Albanach
galego: Piñeiro rubio
עברית: אורן היערות
hrvatski: Obični bor
hornjoserbsce: Pěskowa chójna
Kreyòl ayisyen: Pye pen
magyar: Erdeifenyő
հայերեն: Սոճի սովորական
Bahasa Indonesia: Tusam Skotlandia
гӀалгӀай: ДукхагӀа яьржа дийхк
Ido: Pinastro
íslenska: Skógarfura
日本語: ヨーロッパアカマツ
ქართული: სოსნოვსკის ფიჭვი
қазақша: Кәдімгі қарағай
한국어: 구주소나무
перем коми: Миян пожум
Lëtzebuergesch: Fatzeg Dänn
lietuvių: Paprastoji pušis
latviešu: Parastā priede
македонски: Бел бор
norsk bokmål: furu
Nederlands: Grove den
norsk nynorsk: Furu
norsk: Furu
livvinkarjala: Pedäi
ирон: Пичъи
polski: Sosna zwyczajna
português: Pinheiro-da-escócia
rumantsch: Tieu da guaud
română: Pin de pădure
русский: Сосна обыкновенная
саха тыла: Ойуур бэһэ
Scots: Scots pine
davvisámegiella: Beahci
žemaitėška: Pošės
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Bijeli bor
Simple English: Scots pine
кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл: пе̄дзь
ubmejesámiengiälla: biehtsie
slovenčina: Borovica lesná
slovenščina: Rdeči bor
åarjelsaemien: bietsie
julevsámegiella: biehtse
anarâškielâ: Peeci
nuõrttsääʹmǩiõll: pieʹcc
српски / srpski: Бели бор
српски (ћирилица): Бели бор
srpski (latinica): Beli bor
svenska: Tall
Türkçe: Sarıçam
українська: Сосна звичайна
West-Vlams: Geweune pynboom
võro: Petäi
walon: Såvadje sapén
吴语: 欧洲赤松
粵語: 歐洲赤松
中文: 歐洲赤松
中文（中国大陆）: 欧洲赤松
中文（简体）: 欧洲赤松
中文（繁體）: 歐洲赤松
中文（香港）: 歐洲赤松
中文（新加坡）: 欧洲赤松
中文（臺灣）: 歐洲赤松

Natural[edit]

Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestris[edit]

Images of the whole plant[edit]

Natural habitats[edit]

Rothiemurchus Forest, Scotland
Monadh Mor, Scotland
Beinn a' Bhuird, Scotland
Glen Affric, Scotland
Glen Affric, Scotland
Pine forest, Poland
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Forest, Sierra de Guadarrama, España
Treeline, Cairngorms, Scotland
Bog forest, Cairngorms, Scotland
Glenmore Forest, Speyside, Scotland
Loch Garten, Nethybridge, Scotland
Deeside, Mar Lodge, Scotland
Forest, Gotska Sandön, Sverige
Northern Öland, Sweden
Trees, Suomi (Finland)
Trees, Suomi (Finland)
Laekvere pine (Estonia)
Forest, Karelia, Russia
Forest (with one Pinus sibirica sapling just left of closest tree), Khanty-Mansiyskiy, Russia
Forest; Lena Pillars, Lena River, eastern Siberia
Pine forest in Poland
Rehbergs, Germany
Forest in Germany
Forest in Brandenburg,Germany
Forest in Brandenburg (Germany), Pinesnaturetaper ratio on poor locations
Cladonio-Pinetum in northern Germany
Trees, Forêt de Tronçais, France
Pinewood in Bavaria
With Betula pendula, Sweden
Rendalen, Norway
Białowieża, Poland
Białowieża, Poland
Forest in Brandenburg (Germany)
Burgwald, Germany
Burgwald, Germany

Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestris, Atlantic ecotype[edit]

Western Scotland (endemic), ? Ireland (extinct)

Images of the whole plant[edit]

Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland

Natural habitats[edit]

Allt a' Chuirn, Kinlochewe, Ross-shire, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland
Beinn Eighe, Wester Ross, Scotland

Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis[edit]

Images of the whole plant[edit]

Near Granada, España
Near Granada, España
Near Granada, España

Natural habitats[edit]

Sierra Nevada, España

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica[edit]

Images of the whole plant[edit]

Lake Arey, Bal'zoj, Chitinskaya Oblast, Russia
Lake Arey, Bal'zoj, Chitinskaya Oblast, Russia
Lake Arey, Bal'zoj, Chitinskaya Oblast, Russia

Natural habitats[edit]

Pinus sylvestris var. hamata[edit]

Images of the whole plant[edit]

Ilgaz Dag, NE Turkey
Eflani, N Turkey
near Elmacik, Giresun Province, Turkey
In snow, Bakuriani, Caucasus Mts., Georgia

Natural habitats[edit]

Babugan, Crimea, Ukraine
Eskidemirkapı, Göle, NE Turkey
In snow, Bakuriani, Caucasus Mts., Georgia
Rila Mts., Bulgaria

Leaves & Cones[edit]

Foliage and cones, Bulgaria
Foliage and cone, Bulgaria
Foliage and pollen cones, Bulgaria

Naturalised trees[edit]

Images of the whole plant[edit]

(nl:Wekeromse Zand)
(nl:Wekeromse Zand)
Tree in Denmark
Solitary tree, Denmark

Natural habitats[edit]

Trees in Denmark
Trees in Denmark
Tree in Denmark

Leaves & Infructescences[edit]

Mature open cone and Seeds
Al Montsec de Rúbies (Pallars Jussà - Catalunya)
Young cone in summer
Shoot with buds, Lithuania
Young shoots; Kiev, Ukraine, 18 May
Shoot with seed and pollen cones
Shoot with cones
Shoot with cone
Shoot with cones
Shoot with old seed cone and pollen cones, Celje, Slovenia
Foliage and cones, Deutschland
Pollen cones, Poland
Pollen cones, Bialowieza, Poland
Pollen cones, Kiev, Ukraine, 18 May
Pollen cones, Bialowieza, Poland
Pollen cones with pollen, Bialowieza, Poland
New female cones in spring
Very young female cone on a sprout (in May), Křivoklátsko PLA, Czechia
Young seed cone at pollination with pollen, Bialowieza, Poland
Mature open cones, Segovia, España
Mature open cone, Segovia, España
Mature open cones, cultivated, UK
Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis, shoot with pollen cones
Pinus sylvestris near Boronów, in Park Krajobrazowy Lasy nad Górną Liswartą
Cultivated, North Dakota, USA
Groundcover, Białowieża, Poland
Groundcover, Białowieża, Poland
Seedling, Czech Republic
Seedlings

Pollinia & Seeds[edit]

f.plant21. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant22. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant23. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
f.plant24. Seed Pinus sylvestris,
Pollen floating in peatland lake.

Ecology[edit]

Tree with Cronartium flaccidium disease, blister rust, Białowieża forest, Poland, 2006
Hole made by Dendrocopos sp., Brok, Poland, April 2006
Hole made by Dendrocopos sp., Brok, Poland, April 2006
Rubbing damage by deer in Białowieża forest, Poland, 2006
Old fire damage, Grangärde, Sweden.
Old stump, preserved by resin. Björbo, Dalarna, Sweden
Witch's broom
Plant with dwarfism caused by a harsh and nutritient-poor environment.
Plant with dwarfism caused by a harsh and nutritient-poor environment.

Native distribution areas[edit]

Distribution map
Distribution map

Planted trees[edit]

Pine plantation in Brandenburg, Germany
Planted trees in a park, Netherlands
Planted trees in a park, Netherlands
Cultivated, North Dakota, USA
Cultivated, Morton Arboretum, Illinois, USA
Cultivated, Maine, USA
Pinus sylvestris at the New York Botanical Garden

Cultivars[edit]

Wood and other products[edit]

Cones harvested for seed extraction
Tree tapped for resin harvesting, Poland
Harzlachte
Resin pocket
25-35 year branch
The two boards to the left are both of Pine tree wood (Pinus sylvestris), and the one to the right is of spruce wood (Picea abies).
Crosscut from a more than 200 years old stump, Dalarna, Sweden
Log with blue stain fungus, Białowieża forest, Poland, July 2006
Dual pith with bark pocket on Pinus sylvestris, Białowieża forest, Poland, June 2006
Pseudo multi pith on Pinus sylvestris (knots), Białowieża forest, Poland, June 2006
Cut log showing dark heartwood and pale sapwood
A stump of a pine one day after the tree was cut down.
Planks
Logs
Tree rings of Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine). (Dalarna, Sweden)

Botanical illustrations[edit]

See also category: Pinus sylvestris illustrations.

Pinus sylvestris
plate 151 in:
Wayside and woodland blossoms,
1895
Pinus sylvestris
plate 151 in:
Wayside and woodland blossoms,
1895

alternative
crop
Pinus sylvestris
vol. 1 - plate 01 in:
Jacob Sturm:
Deutschlands Flora
in Abbildungen
(1796)
Pinus sylvestris
plate 27 in:
Otto Wilhelm Thomé:
Flora von Deutschland, Österreich u.d. Schweiz,
Gera (1885)
Pinus sylvestris cone
Pinus sylvestris flowers
Pinus sylvestris foliage
Pinus sylvestris pollen
Pinus sylvestris tree

Video[edit]

Selected Weblinks

Wikispecies has an entry on: Pinus sylvestris.

Description of taxon Species Plantarum 2: 1000. 1753. (1 May 1753)

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