File:Картопля ягоди IMG20220820165548.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionКартопля ягоди IMG20220820165548.jpg |
Українська: Картопля (Solanum tuberosum L., 1753) роду Паслін (Solanum L., 1753) родини Пасльонові (Solanaceae Juss., nom. cons., 1789) – широко поширена сільськогосподарська культура. Культурні сорти у більшості є автотетраплоїдними підвидами двох секцій - Чилійська картопля (ssp. tuberosum L.) і Андська картопля (ssp. andigena Hawkes). Андська картопля пристосована до умов короткого дня, поширених у гірських екваторіальних і тропічних регіонах, де вона походить; однак чилійська картопля, яка походить з Чилійського архіпелагу, пристосована до умов довгого дня, які переважають у вищих широтах на півдні Чилі. Вирощується заради бульб, які формуються на підземних столонах. Тому до бульб некоректно вживати термін «коренеплід». Плоди – ягоди, схожі на невеликі томати. Містить отруту соланін. Концентрація отрути у м’якоті бульби низька, у шкірці та вічках вища, у ягодах – іще вища.
Фітофтора інфекційна (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary) з роду Фітофтора ( Phytophthora de Bary 1876) родини Pythiaceae. Дуже шкідливий мікроскопічний організм, здатний вражати картоплю і знищувати її повністю: картопля стає гнилою і неїстівною. До Європи вид завезли з Америки з вантажем картоплі на початку 1840-х. Також може інфікувати помідори та деякі інші види пасльонових. Фітофторозом уражуються всі сорти картоплі і жоден із сортів не має повної стійкості до всіх рас шкідника. Біологічні особливості паразита проявляються в здатності вражати практично всі органи рослини: стебла, листки, суцвіття, бульби.English: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L., 1753) of the genus Solanum (L., 1753) of the family Solanaceae (Juss., nom. cons., 1789) is a widespread agricultural crop. The major cultivars are autotetraploid subspecies. There are two major subspecies of Solanum tuberosum: andigena, or Andean; and tuberosum, or Chilean. The Andean potato is adapted to the short-day conditions prevalent in the mountainous equatorial and tropical regions where it originated; the Chilean potato, however, native to the Chiloé Archipelago, is adapted to the long-day conditions prevalent in the higher latitude region of southern Chile. It is grown for the tubers that form on underground stolons. Some writers define the term "tuber" to mean only structures derived from stems; others use the term for structures derived from stems or roots. Fruits are berries, similar to small tomatoes. Contains the poison solanine. The concentration of poison in the flesh of the tuber is low, in the skin and eyes is higher, in the berries - even higher.
Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary from the genus Phytophthora de Bary 1876 family Peronosporaceae. A very harmful microscopic organism that can attack potatoes and destroy them completely: the potatoes become rotten and inedible. The species was brought to Europe from America with a cargo of potatoes in the early 1840s. It can also infect tomatoes and some other types of nightshade. Phytophthora affects all varieties of potatoes, and none of the varieties has complete resistance to all races of the pest. Biological features of the parasite are manifested in the ability to affect almost all plant organs: stems, leaves, inflorescences, tubers.English: Potatoes sick with late blight. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Сарапулов |
Camera location | 50° 33′ 43.45″ N, 30° 05′ 51.54″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 50.562070; 30.097650 |
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This image was uploaded as part of Science Photo Competition 2022 in Ukraine. |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 19:28, 5 December 2022 | 6,944 × 9,280 (16.73 MB) | Сарапулов (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | realme |
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Camera model | realme X2 Pro |
Exposure time | 1/104 sec (0.0096153846153846) |
F-number | f/1.8 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 16:55, 20 August 2022 |
Lens focal length | 5.58 mm |
Width | 6,944 px |
Height | 9,280 px |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
File change date and time | 16:55, 20 August 2022 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 16:55, 20 August 2022 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 6.7 |
APEX aperture | 1.69 |
APEX brightness | 3.26 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 1.69 APEX (f/1.8) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 30 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 30 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 30 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | Undefined |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 32 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |