File:开元寺镇国塔(东塔)2.jpg
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[edit]Description开元寺镇国塔(东塔)2.jpg |
中文(中国大陆):开元寺东塔名“镇国塔”,唐咸通年间(860–874年)由倡建者文偁禅师建成木塔。前后经过几次毁坏与重修,易木为砖。至宋嘉熙二年(1238年)本洪法师才易砖为石,后由法权法师,天锡法师继造,前后经十年才完工。东塔通高48.27米,塔平面分回廊、外壁、塔内回廊和塔心八角柱四部分。塔为框架式的结构。正中的塔心柱直贯于各层,是全塔的支撑。各层塔心柱上的八个转角处均架有石梁,搭连于 2米厚的塔壁和倚柱,顶柱的护斗出华拱层层托出,缩小石梁跨度。石梁与粱托如同斧凿,榫眼接合,使塔心与塔壁的应力连结相依形成一体,大大加强了塔身的牢固性。塔壁使用加工雕琢的花岗岩,以纵横交错的方法叠砌,计算精确,筑工缜密。稳固的基础,配置着符合力学原理的坚实塔心,使这座重达一万多吨的建筑物虽经历 700多年风霜雨露而巍然不动。明万历三十二年(1604年)的八级地震,也无法动摇动它的根基。石塔不但坚固无比,而且造型精致。塔檐呈弯弧状向外伸展,檐角高翘,使塔身有凌空欲飞的态势,显得轻盈。每一层各设四个门和四个龛,逐层互换。这样既平均分散重力,又可使塔的外型更加生动和美观。每层塔檐角各系铜铎一枚,微风吹动之时,铎1声叮咚,悦耳怡人。塔顶有八条大铁链,连结八个翘角与刹顶,显得气势磅礴,紫气飘摇。每一层塔壁上还刻有十六幅浮雕,分别刻有人天乘,声闻乘、缘觉乘、菩萨乘和佛乘,共计 80幅栩翎如生的人物雕像。刀工细腻,线条流畅,巧夺天工
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Source | Own work | ||
Author | Jylqxgd |
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This image was uploaded as part of Wiki Loves Monuments 2013.
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Camera manufacturer | FUJIFILM |
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Camera model | FinePix F605EXR |
Exposure time | 1/680 sec (0.0014705882352941) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:26, 7 July 2013 |
Lens focal length | 4.4 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Microsoft Windows Photo Viewer 6.1.7600.16385 |
File change date and time | 12:55, 3 August 2013 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Landscape mode (for landscape photos with the background in focus) |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:26, 7 July 2013 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX shutter speed | 9.44 |
APEX aperture | 3.6 |
APEX brightness | 8.51 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.6 APEX (f/3.48) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 5,077 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 5,077 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 3 |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Structured data
Items portrayed in this file
depicts
7 July 2013
0.00147058823529411764 second
3.5
4.4 millimetre
100
image/jpeg
- Cultural heritage monuments in China with known IDs
- CC-BY-SA-3.0
- Self-published work
- Images from Wiki Loves Monuments 2013
- Images from Wiki Loves Monuments 2013 in China
- Images from Wiki Loves Monuments missing SDC depicts
- Images from Wiki Loves Monuments missing SDC location of creation
- Uploaded via Campaign:wlm-cn
- Taken with Fujifilm FinePix F605EXR