File:0756-6278 Face detail4b Brown mask with hair, Punu, Gabon 2598 (7771778210).jpg
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Summary
[edit]Description0756-6278 Face detail4b Brown mask with hair, Punu, Gabon 2598 (7771778210).jpg |
This mask is a fine and unusual example of the Punu black masks or ikwara-mokulu or night mask beautifully adorned with its tower style headdress to which hair has been glued in similar style to the coiffure worn among the Tsongo flanked by braids tucked behind the ears. The dark coating is made from crushed seeds mixed with palm oil. These masks may have served as training masks for novice dancers. They may also have been old white masks repainted black at the occasion of collective misfortune such as (epidemic, crime, witchcraft). They may also have had a judicial function and helped to uncover witches. They use short stilts, about 1 metre long. Black masks are rarer than the white ones among collections, perhaps due to their malevolent nature which may have made villagers hesitant to show them to Europeans. The stylized rendering of the eyes, represented as closed slits, evoke a sense of serenity while at the same time affording the wearer an unobstructed view of the performance arena he must negotiate. It measures 31 x 23 x 15cm
Ann Porteus Sidewalk Tribal Gallery 19-21 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point 7004 Hobart Tasmania Australia ann@sidewalkgallery.com.au sidewalktribal.com t: 613 6224 0331 ABN 99 900 255 141 |
Date | |
Source | 0756-6278 Face detail4b Brown mask with hair, Punu, Gabon 2598 |
Author | Ann Porteus from Tasmania, Australia |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by ann porteus, Sidewalk Tribal Gallery at https://flickr.com/photos/40244630@N00/7771778210 (archive). It was reviewed on 21 March 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
21 March 2019
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 01:03, 21 March 2019 | 4,032 × 3,024 (5.27 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Image title |
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Camera manufacturer | OLYMPUS IMAGING CORP. |
Camera model | E-PL3 |
Exposure time | 1/25 sec (0.04) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:56, 13 August 2012 |
Lens focal length | 31 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 314 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 314 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS4 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 14:21, 13 August 2012 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:56, 13 August 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.61328125 APEX (f/3.5) |
Metering mode | Spot |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash firing |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 4,032 px |
Image height | 3,024 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 00:21, 14 August 2012 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:B8F5236C0820681197A5CFE953762A26 |