File:100 BCE – 300 CE Viratrajgadde, Erradibba Buddhist Stupa Khammam, Telangana India - 12.jpg
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Summary
[edit]Description100 BCE – 300 CE Viratrajgadde, Erradibba Buddhist Stupa Khammam, Telangana India - 12.jpg |
English: This site is located near a remote village name Nelakondapalli, between Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh) and Hyderabad (Telangana). The closest town near this site is Khammam. The site can be reached with state highway 365A, that connects Khammam to the modern highway 65.
The site became of interest in the 1960s when inscription stones were discovered and reported by local farmers in the area. It was excavated in stages between 1970 and 1990. This effort brought to light a 170 foot diameter Mahastupa, then a monastic complex nearby. Additionally a votive Stupa was found. A bronze Avalokitesvara, several statues of the Buddha and other significant discoveries here were moved to the state museum. The excavation effort also yielded pottery, stone jewelry and coins traced to the Ikshvaku and Vishnukundini periods. The site is likely from 100 BCE to 300 CE, with continuous major settlement through about the 14th century. Then the region went into decline, and is now a minor remote village. The Stupa is a series of concentric circular walls of brick with radiating spokes. The central hub 36 feet in diameter, while the outer edge of the stupa measures 170 feet. It has a vedica, a lower pradakshina-patha, and ayaka platforms with a dome. The excavated height is 46 feet. The foundation of the Vihara complex suggests that there were about hundred cells here with an entrance on the eastern side. There is a village park and walkways at this site and nearby. A significant man made lake is close by, with Hindu villages and farms for miles in every direction near this site. It is well preserved. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Ms Sarah Welch |
Camera location | 17° 06′ 38.43″ N, 80° 04′ 06.45″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 17.110675; 80.068458 |
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Licensing
[edit]This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. | |
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http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.enCC0Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedicationfalsefalse |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 15:40, 14 February 2021 | 4,032 × 3,024 (7.47 MB) | Ms Sarah Welch (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | Apple |
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Camera model | iPhone XS |
Exposure time | 1/1,124 sec (0.00088967971530249) |
F-number | f/1.8 |
ISO speed rating | 25 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:18, 30 August 2019 |
Lens focal length | 4.25 mm |
Latitude | 17° 6′ 38.43″ N |
Longitude | 80° 4′ 6.45″ E |
Altitude | 110.1 meters above sea level |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | 12.4 |
File change date and time | 11:18, 30 August 2019 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:18, 30 August 2019 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 10.133907042488 |
APEX aperture | 1.6959938128384 |
APEX brightness | 9.4051660516605 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 391 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 391 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 391 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 26 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 0.22038415067921 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 338.64695752009 |