File:13046 2019 1094 Fig6 HTML.webp
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
13046_2019_1094_Fig6_HTML.webp (685 × 380 pixels, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/webp)
File information
Structured data
Captions
Captions
immune checkpoint inhibitors
Summary
[edit]Description13046 2019 1094 Fig6 HTML.webp |
English: Mechanisms of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Two signals are required to initiate the activation of T cells. The first signal involves the binding of a MHC to a TCR on T-cells. The second signal arises with the binding of the APC B7 ligands, CD80 or CD86, to CD28 on T-cells. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) competes with CD28 for the B7 ligands, which suppresses T-cell activity. Programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) is also a negative regulator of T-cell activity that is able to bind to programmed cell-death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells, leading to T-cell ‘exhaustion’. Therefore, agents that act to block CTLA-4, PD-1 or PD-L1, are able to produce an anti-tumor response through immune activation. A number of these agents, including ipilimumab, tremelimumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab, have been extensively studied in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer |
Date | |
Source | https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1094-2 |
Author | N. A. Seebacher, A. E. Stacy, G. M. Porter & A. M. Merlot |
Licensing
[edit]![w:en:Creative Commons](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/CC_some_rights_reserved.svg/90px-CC_some_rights_reserved.svg.png)
![attribution](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/24px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png)
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 21:41, 16 May 2024 | ![]() | 685 × 380 (31 KB) | Ozzie10aaaa (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by N. A. Seebacher, A. E. Stacy, G. M. Porter & A. M. Merlot from https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1094-2 with UploadWizard |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
Structured data
Items portrayed in this file
depicts
image/webp
6c9ee92330ae462b1ba2382a0f6200fa111c8a43
31,712 byte
380 pixel
685 pixel
Hidden category: