File:Armero aftermath Marso.jpg
Armero_aftermath_Marso.jpg (800 × 500像素,文件大小:200 KB,MIME类型:image/jpeg)
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摘要[编辑]
描述Armero aftermath Marso.jpg |
English: Río Lagunillas, former location of Armero.
An explosive eruption from Ruiz's summit crater on November 13, 1985, at 9:08 p.m. generated an eruption column and sent a series of pyroclastic flows and surges across the volcano's broad ice-covered summit. Pumice and meltwater produced by the hot pyroclastic flows and surges swept into gullies and channels on the slopes of Ruiz as a series of small lahars. Flowing downstream from Ruiz at an average speed of 60 km per hour, lahars eroded soil, loose rock debris and stripped vegetation from river channels. By incorporating water and debris from along river channels, the lahars grew in size as they moved away from the volcano--some lahars increased up to 4 times their initial volumes. Within four hours of the beginning of the eruption, lahars had traveled 100 km and left behind a wake of destruction: more than 23,000 people killed, about 5,000 injured, and more than 5,000 homes destroyed along the Chinchiná, Gualí, and Lagunillas rivers. Hardest hit was the town of Armero at the mouth of the Río Lagunillas canyon, which was located in the center of this photograph. Three quarters of its 28,700 inhabitants perished. (Amalgamation of sentences taken verbatim from source.) |
日期 | Late November 1985 |
来源 | source, small version with description here |
作者 | Jeffrey Marso, USGS geologist |
相机位置 | 5° 02′ 00″ 北, 74° 53′ 00″ 西 | 在以下服务上查看本图像和附近其他图像: OpenStreetMap | 5.033333; -74.883333 |
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Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
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2009年2月2日 (一) 13:33 | 800 × 500(175 KB) | Avenue(留言 | 贡献) | {{Information |Description={{en|1=Río Lagunillas, former location of Armero. An explosive eruption from Ruiz's summit crater on November 13, 1985, at 9:08 p.m. generated an eruption column and sent a series of pyroclastic flows and surges across the vol |
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方位 | 标准 |
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水平分辨率 | 96 dpi |
垂直分辨率 | 96 dpi |
使用软件 | PhotoToaster 6.7.1 |
黄色和洋红配置 | 居中 |
Exif版本 | 2.21 |
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支持的Flashpix版本 | 1 |
色彩空间 | sRGB |
场景模式 | 标准 |