File:Basalt (Gooseberry River Basalts, Mesoproterozoic, 1097-1098 Ma; Rt. 61 roadcut just east of Upper Falls, Gooseberry Falls State Park, North Shore of Lake Superior, Minnesota, USA) 4 (23021043250).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionBasalt (Gooseberry River Basalts, Mesoproterozoic, 1097-1098 Ma; Rt. 61 roadcut just east of Upper Falls, Gooseberry Falls State Park, North Shore of Lake Superior, Minnesota, USA) 4 (23021043250).jpg |
Basalt in the Precambrian of Minnesota, USA. Along the northern shore of western Lake Superior are numerous exposures of a lava flow-dominated succession called the North Shore Volcanic Series. This is equivalent to & the same age as the Portage Lake Volcanic Series of northern Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula (<a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/albums/72157632266738191">www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/albums/72157632266738191</a>). The North Shore and Portage Lake successions are ~1.1 billion years old and represent basalt lava flows, plus minor sedimentary rocks, that filled up an ancient rift valley. This old rift is the Lake Superior segment of the Mid-Continent Rift System, a tear in the ancient North American paleocontinent of Laurentia (see: <a href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/science/midcontinent-rift-minerals/images/MRS-map.png" rel="nofollow">minerals.usgs.gov/science/midcontinent-rift-minerals/imag...</a>). Tectonic rifting started along this tear, exactly like the modern-day East African Rift Valley. Laurentia's Mid-Continent Rift System started and then stopped and was subsequently filled and buried. This ancient failed rift is now exposed on either side of Lake Superior in North America's Great Lakes. The outcrop shown above is a roadcut just east of Upper Falls in Gooseberry Falls State Park, Minnesota. The rocks are basalt lava flows, part of the Gooseberry River Basalts succession. Stratigraphy: Gooseberry River Basalts, Upper Southwest Sequence, North Shore Volcanic Series, Keweenawan Supergroup, upper Mesoproterozoic, ~1097-1098 Ma Locality: roadcut along the southern side of Rt. 61, just east of Upper Falls in Gooseberry Falls State Park, a little inland from the Northern Shore of western Lake Superior, northeastern Minnesota, USA (47° 08’ 39.87” North latitude, 91° 27’ 54.43” West longitude) |
Date | |
Source | Basalt (Gooseberry River Basalts, Mesoproterozoic, 1097-1098 Ma; Rt. 61 roadcut just east of Upper Falls, Gooseberry Falls State Park, North Shore of Lake Superior, Minnesota, USA) 4 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/23021043250 (archive). It was reviewed on 10 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
10 October 2019
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current | 00:21, 10 October 2019 | 4,000 × 2,526 (4.26 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/160 sec (0.00625) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 09:53, 9 June 2015 |
Lens focal length | 9.681 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 00:53, 26 November 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:53, 9 June 2015 |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 7.3125 |
APEX aperture | 3.625 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.33333333333333 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.625 APEX (f/3.51) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 17:53, 25 November 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | AC6F2D0586AEECB964229C257B5880A7 |