File:Gymnosperm Stem Circular Bordered Pits in Pinus Wood (36484401545).jpg

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tangential section: Pinus stem magnification: 400x iron-alum hematoxylin and safranin stain

Gymnosperms like Pinus rely entirely on tracheids for water flow and mechanical support. True xylem vessels and wood parenchyma are lacking. While fibers are generally absent older stems may contain some fiber tracheids.

The uniform wood of Pinus consists almost entirely of longitudinally oriented bands of narrow, pale staining tracheids interrupted by short bands of horizontally oriented xylem rays. Xylem rays, usually one cell thick and a few cells high, are composed of clear, thin walled parenchyma cells.

The lumen of many tracheids is crossed by branched trabeculae. Tracheid side walls contain large circular bordered pits that function to move water from tracheid to tracheid while preventing air flow from embolized tracheids. The membrane of each bordered pit is marked by a pale, thin, porous outer margo and a thicker, darker, inner torus.
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Source Gymnosperm Stem: Circular Bordered Pits in Pinus Wood
Author Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library

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Creative Commons CC-Zero This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

This image was originally posted to Flickr by bccoer at https://flickr.com/photos/146824358@N03/36484401545 (archive). It was reviewed on 22 June 2018 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-zero.

22 June 2018

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current23:55, 22 June 2018Thumbnail for version as of 23:55, 22 June 20183,264 × 1,840 (4.38 MB)Meisam (talk | contribs)Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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