File:Impacts of lid closure during toilet flushing on viral contamination.jpg
Original file (2,495 × 1,663 pixels, file size: 176 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary
[edit]DescriptionImpacts of lid closure during toilet flushing on viral contamination.jpg |
English: "Schematic depiction of MS2 aerosolization and spread to adjacent areas after flushing a home toilet of U.S design."
From the study "Impacts of lid closure during toilet flushing and of toilet bowl cleaning on viral contamination of surfaces in United States restrooms" "In the present study, changes in the MS2 deposition pattern after flushing with the toilet lid down were observed (Fig 3), although the pattern changes were not consistent. The toilet lid (bottom and top) and wall contamination were relatively low after flushing with the lid either up or down. The toilet seat was the most contaminated surface after flushing. Greater contamination of the toilet seat probably reflects the airflow that occurs during toilet flushing (ie, largely around the top and bottom of the toilet seat). Flow over the toilet bowl rim and under the toilet seat in household toilets of United States design is enabled since the seat is raised from the rim ∼0.5 in. This directed flow also contributed to the MS2 contamination of the restroom floors and walls. Thus, it appears that closure of the toilet lid is not effective in reducing the contamination of the toilet seat area or contamination of other areas (fomites, floors, walls) within the restroom." |
Date | |
Source | https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(23)00820-9/fulltext |
Author |
Authors of the study: Madison P. Goforth, BS Stephanie A. Boone, PhD Justin Clark, MS Priscilla B. Valenzuela, MS Julie McKinney, PhD M. Khalid Ijaz, DVM, MSc (Honors), PhD, FRSPHCharles P. Gerba, PhD |
Licensing
[edit]- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 18:28, 2 June 2024 | 2,495 × 1,663 (176 KB) | Prototyperspective (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by Authors of the study: Madison P. Goforth, BS Stephanie A. Boone, PhD Justin Clark, MS Priscilla B. Valenzuela, MS Julie McKinney, PhD M. Khalid Ijaz, DVM, MSc (Honors), PhD, FRSPH Charles P. Gerba, PhD from https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(23)00820-9/fulltext with UploadWizard |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
File usage on other wikis
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on www.wikidata.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
JPEG file comment | HiRes |
---|