File:J. D. Salinger (Catcher in the Rye portrait).jpg
原本檔案 (946 × 1,426 像素,檔案大細:527 KB ,MIME類型:image/jpeg)
Captions
摘要[編輯]
描述J. D. Salinger (Catcher in the Rye portrait).jpg |
English: Portrait of American author J. D. Salinger photographed by Lotte at Atelier Jacobi in New York City, October 11, 1950 (source: Fine Books & Collections). The photo was used as an author portrait on the first-edition dust jacket of Salinger's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye. It was removed from subsequent editions of the novel at the author's request.
Note that the photo was flipped horizontally when it was published on the back cover. That means the back cover actually presented a mirror image of Salinger, not his true appearance; this image is the "unflipped" correct version. Other recently published photos from the same session show that Salinger had several freckles or moles on his face (the most noticeable is on his right cheek, close to his nostril.) These appear to have been airbrushed from the back cover version of the portrait, but note that they are also missing from the "original" copy; every other photo from these sessions shows them. |
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來源 |
English: *Original source: first published as part of the full dust jacket art for The Catcher in the Rye (see "other versions" below). The high-resolution photo portrait is sourced from Medium. Cropped and retouched by the uploader.
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作者 |
English: Photo by Lotte Jacobi, per a credit in the bottom-left corner of the original dust jacket's back cover. Published by Little, Brown and Company |
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許可 (重用呢個檔案) |
English: No permission is required because the portion of the photo shown in this file is in the public domain. The portrait was first published prior to 1978 without a valid copyright notice. The Catcher in the Rye was first published in 1951; the hardcover book itself carried a copyright notice, so its contents remain copyrighted. However, the first-edition dust jacket did not carry a separate copyright notice. According to The Compendium of U.S. Copyright Office Practices: Chapter 2200, § 2207.1(C) at p. 15:
Keep in mind that the pre-1989 requirements for copyright notice were highly formalistic and, other than a few enumerated exceptions, required these three elements:
If just one of these elements is omitted, the work is deemed to be published without notice and is not eligible for copyright protection. Neither the year "1951" nor a copyright symbol (or any acceptable variant) appear anywhere on the dust jacket. Credits like "Photo by Lotte Jacobi" do not meet these requirements, nor do the identifications of the publisher and author. Additionally, the image is a mechanical scan/photocopy of the public-domain original photo and does not qualify for independent copyright protection. A cropped portion of Jacobi's photo was published as the back cover of the first-edition The Catcher in the Rye. The full photo portrait was published sometime later, showing more of Salinger's body and a more extensive background. It is unclear whether the act of publishing the cropped portion without a notice also rendered the "uncropped" portions of the photo in the public domain; a similar issue exists with Guerrillero Heroico, the famous portrait of Che Guevara. Out of an abundance of caution, this file reproduces only the cropped portion that had been published on the back cover, not the full portrait. The original portrait is considered "published" to at least the same extent that it was "disclosed" by the publication of the dust jacket (in this case, the cropped portion was disclosed). See Shoptalk, Ltd. v. Concorde-New Horizons Corp., 168 F.3d 586, 591 (2d Cir. 1999): "[W]hen the author consents to the inclusion of [her] work in a derivative work, the publication of the derivative work, to the extent . . . it discloses the original work, also constitutes publication of [the] underlying work." |
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協議[編輯]
This image is in the public domain because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate {{PD-old}} tag instead. For usage, see Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag. Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar, {{PD-Art}} may be applicable. See Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag. |
檔案歷史
撳個日期/時間去睇響嗰個時間出現過嘅檔案。
日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 註解 | |
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現時 | 2021年2月3號 (三) 21:38 | 946 × 1,426(527 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | retouch | |
2021年2月3號 (三) 21:38 | 946 × 1,426(262 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | new crop from higher-res source file ([https://miro.medium.com/max/1200/1*YWOgWXPR0-Wo-I2MKdLxTw.jpeg]) | ||
2021年2月3號 (三) 20:21 | 989 × 1,447(283 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | Reverted to version as of 08:57, 29 July 2019 (UTC): I appreciate the effort to improve the image, but if you read the "Permission" section (specifically the paragraph that begins "A cropped portion of...") you'll see that, unfortunately, it's not clear if the full photo is in the public domain. Only the cropped portion of the photo published on the Catcher in the Rye dust jacket is certain to be in the public domain. | ||
2021年2月2號 (二) 04:07 | 無縮圖 | 1,500 × 2,007(416 KB) | Vlixes(傾偈 | 貢獻) | full size | |
2019年7月29號 (一) 08:57 | 989 × 1,447(283 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | Retouched version (color correction, noise reduction, removing some imperfections in scan) | ||
2019年7月29號 (一) 08:53 | 989 × 1,447(636 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | The high-res, cropped, unretouched version | ||
2019年7月29號 (一) 08:52 | 989 × 1,447(1,012 KB) | Blz 2049(傾偈 | 貢獻) | == {{int:filedesc}} == {{Information |Description=Photo portrait of J. D. Salinger used for the first-edition back cover of ''The Catcher in the Rye'' (1951). The photo was removed from subsequent editions by the author's request. Note that the photo was flipped horizontally when it was published on the back cover. That means the back cover actually presented a mirror image of Salinger, not his true appearance; this image is the "unflipped" version. Other [https:... |
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呢個檔案有額外嘅資料。佢應該係數碼相機或者掃描器整出來嘅。如果佢整咗之後畀人改過,裏面嘅資料未必同改過之後相符。
攞放方向 | 正常 |
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橫解像度 | 72 dpi |
直解像度 | 72 dpi |
用過嘅軟件 | Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 (Macintosh) |
檔案更動日期時間 | 2021年2月3號 (三) 13:37 |
色彩空間 | 未校啱色 |
制成數碼日期時間 | 2021年2月3號 (三) 05:20 |
Date metadata was last modified | 2021年2月3號 (三) 05:37 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:6a5f0cb7-500d-4351-b6b0-f0638de8ff9e |