File:Pinus sp. (fossil pine tree trunk) (Sonoma Volcanics, Upper Pliocene, 3.2 to 3.4 Ma; Calistoga Petrified Forest, Calistoga, California, USA) 20 (49098010626).jpg
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DescriptionPinus sp. (fossil pine tree trunk) (Sonoma Volcanics, Upper Pliocene, 3.2 to 3.4 Ma; Calistoga Petrified Forest, Calistoga, California, USA) 20 (49098010626).jpg |
Pinus sp. - quartz-permineralized pine tree trunk in the Pliocene of California, USA. The Calistoga Petrified Forest has been called the best-anywhere petrified forest of Pliocene age. The fossil wood here is preserved with the most common permineralization mineral - quartz. The preservation of these trees was the result of burial by a rhyolitic volcanic ash-flow tuff of the Sonoma Volcanics (Upper Pliocene). The volcanic tuff was erupted from a vent near modern-day Mt. St. Helena (= north of this locality). This is the only fossil pine tree found so far in the Calistoga Fossil Forest. All other fossil tree trunks at the site are redwoods. This pine tree trunk is 43 feet long and 2 feet in diameter. Classification: Plantae, Pinophyta, Pinopsida Pinales, Pinaceae Stratigraphy: Sonoma Volcanics, Upper Pliocene, 3.2 to 3.4 Ma Locality: The Pit Tree, Calistoga Petrified Forest, northern side of Petrified Forest Road, west-southwest of the town Calistoga, eastern Sonoma County, Coast Ranges of northwest-central California, USA See info. at: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_Forest_(California)" rel="noreferrer nofollow">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_Forest_(California)</a> |
Date | |
Source | Pinus sp. (fossil pine tree trunk) (Sonoma Volcanics, Upper Pliocene, 3.2 to 3.4 Ma; Calistoga Petrified Forest, Calistoga, California, USA) 20 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49098010626 (archive). It was reviewed on 23 November 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
23 November 2019
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current | 02:44, 23 November 2019 | 1,536 × 1,732 (2.45 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot S2 IS |
Exposure time | 1/50 sec (0.02) |
F-number | f/2.7 |
ISO speed rating | 1,600 |
Date and time of data generation | 20:18, 13 July 2010 |
Lens focal length | 6 mm |
Width | 1,536 px |
Height | 2,048 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 16.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 19:47, 20 November 2019 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 20:18, 13 July 2010 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.65625 |
APEX aperture | 2.875 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.875 APEX (f/2.71) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 9,142.8571428571 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 9,102.2222222222 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 1.1-6.5 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 14:47, 20 November 2019 |
Unique ID of original document | B8F32A7A9FE6CC59A08E680470828066 |