File:Quentin Massys 030.jpg
![File:Quentin Massys 030.jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Quentin_Massys_030.jpg/472px-Quentin_Massys_030.jpg?20230215154130)
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說明
說明
摘要
[編輯]康坦·馬賽斯:An Allegory of Folly
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作家 |
artist QS:P170,Q314275 |
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標題 |
An Allegory of Folly label QS:Len,"An Allegory of Folly" |
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物體類型 |
畫作 object_type QS:P31,Q3305213 |
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日期 |
16世紀 date QS:P571,+1550-00-00T00:00:00Z/7 早期 |
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表現方法 | 板上油畫medium QS:P186,Q296955;P186,Q106857709,P518,Q861259 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
尺寸 |
高度:23.7英寸(60.3釐米);寬度:18.7英寸(47.6釐米) dimensions QS:P2048,23.75U218593 dimensions QS:P2049,18.75U218593 |
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藏於 | New York, J. Held Collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
物件歷史 | 1938: Norah Smith, Montreal, as 'Pieter Brueghel'. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
展覽史 |
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題字 |
Text 上方 左側: Mot./Mondeken/toe.
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備註 |
In the early sixteenth century when Quentin Matsys painted his Allegory of Folly, likely around 1510, fools were still commonly found at court or carnivals, performing in morality plays. Sometimes a fool would be mentally handicapped, to be mocked for the amusement of the general public. Matsys has chosen to represent his fool with a wen, a lump on the forehead, which was believed to contain a "stone of folly" responsible for stupidity or mental handicap. In other instances, however, the fool would be a clever and astute observer of human nature, a comedian who used the fool's robes as a pretext for satire and ridicule. Matsys's fool was nearly an exact contemporary of Erasmus' Praise of Folly, in which the character of Folly is in fact a wise and astute commentator on folly in others. Fools were a popular subject in both the art and literature of this era and Erasmus' work was particularly important to the sixteenth-century Humanist circles in Antwerp. The traditional costume of the fool includes a hooded cape with the head of a cock and the ears of an ass, as well as bells, here attached to a red belt. The fool holds a staff known as a marotte, or bauble, topped with a small carved figure of another fool - himself wearing the identifying cap. This staff would have been used as a puppet for satirical skits or plays, and the figure's obscene gesture of dropping his trousers, symbolic of the insults associated with fools, was once overpainted by a previous owner who found it overly shocking. The gesture of silence, with the fool holding a finger to his lips, refers to the Greek god of silence, Harpocrates, who was generally depicted in this manner. Silence was considered a virtue associated with wise men such as philosophers, scholars, or monks. Here, however, Matsys turns the gesture into a parody by juxtaposing it with the inscription 'Mondeken toe', meaning 'keep your mouth shut', beneath the crowing cock's head. Matsys is drawing our attention to the Fool's indiscretion. A later hand has added the word 'Mot' above, likely a later sixteenth or seventeenth century reference to a prostitute - this may have been an attempt to turn the present allegory into the figure of a procuress. Matsys' fool is made even more grotesque by his hideous deformities - an exaggerated, beaked nose and hunched back - and thin-lipped, toothless smirk. Grotesque figures were a favourite theme of the artist, making regular appearances in his paintings as tormenters of Christ or in allegories of Unequal Lovers. This reflects an awareness of the grotesque head studies of Leonardo da Vinci, whose drawings had made their way northward from Italy. Indeed, of all Matsys's other works, the fool in the present painting is perhaps closest in type to the tormenter directly behind and to the right of Christ in the Saint John Altarpiece - which is, itself, a direct quotation from Leonardo's own drawing of Five Grotesque Heads. Quinten Matsys' early training is a matter of speculation, with scholars suggesting variously that he may have been apprenticed in Antwerp to Dieric Bouts; trained as a miniaturist in his mother's native town of Grobbendonk; or possibly worked for Hans Memling's studio in Bruges. We do know for certain that in 1494, Matsys was admitted to the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke as a master painter, and by the end of the century he was operating his own studio with several apprentices, among them his sons Cornelis and Jan. Matsys is known for both religious and secular works, and his style became increasingly Italianate in his later career; in turn he is recognized as an influence on such painters as Joos van Cleve, Joachim Patinir and Lucas Cranach the Elder. |
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參考文獻 |
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來源/攝影者 | http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/quentin-massys-an-allegory-of-folly-5176067-details.aspx |
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[編輯]
此為如實地拍攝平面藝術品的相片複製本。原作位於公有領域,是因下列原因:
維基媒體基金會的官方立場認為:「針對平面公有領域的藝術作品進行忠實重製,其重製後的照片也屬於公有領域。」
因此,可認定本重製照片屬於公有領域。在其他司法管轄區,再利用此照片可能會被限制;參見再利用PD-Art照片以獲得進一步資訊。 |
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日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
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目前 | 2023年2月15日 (三) 15:41 | ![]() | 2,091 × 2,658(1.69 MB) | Maltaper(對話 | 貢獻) | https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-quentin-massys-an-allegory-of-folly-5176067/? |
2010年1月13日 (三) 15:09 | ![]() | 393 × 500(44 KB) | Shakko(對話 | 貢獻) | {{Information |Description=Quentin Massys, "An Allegory of Folly" (early 16th century) // New York, J. Held Collection |Source=http://www.artinfo.com/news/photos/1438/14743/ |Date=early 16th century |Author=Quentin Massys |Permission= |other_versions= }} |
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