File:Spinivalva gaucha - mine in detail.jpg

Spinivalva gaucha: Diaphanized portion and histological sections of a Passiflora actinia leaf, showing through transparency the organization levels of a Spinivalva gaucha mine in relation to larval ontogeny: A general aspect of the mine, containing a last-instar larva; Roman numerals indicate larval instar numbers and corresponding positions of head capsules in the mine; closed arrow indicates the beginning of the mine B detail of head capsule shed by the fourth-instar larva (bar indicates position used for measurement of head-capsule width) C transverse section of serpentine portion of the mine (location indicated by the horizontal dashed line in A) D transverse section of blotch portion of the mine (location indicated by the vertical dashed line in A) E transverse section of intact portion of leaf lamina (indicated by left arrow in D) F transverse section of mined portion of leaf lamina (indicated by right arrow in D). Ab abaxial surface of epidermis; Ad adaxial surface of epidermis; Lm leaf mine; Pp palisade parenchyma; Sp spongy parenchyma. Scale bars =1.5, 0.15, 2.0, 3.0 mm; 500, 600 μm, respectively. through transparent serpentine section of a young mine (open arrow indicates the beginning of the mine