File talk:Roman provinces trajan 2.svg

Major update of the original 2013 map due to lots of factual errors

This file has been derived from:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_provinces_trajan.svg

It contains major map updates due to lots of factual errors. I therefore followed the guidelines at

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files

and released this update as a new file.

List of corrections:

• During the reign of Trajan Durocortorum (Reims) was the capital of Belgica, Augusta Treverorum (Trier) was declared to be the new capital much later. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durocortorum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_Treverorum#Early_and_high_imperial_period

• Narbo (Narbonne) was the capital of Narbonensis. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narbonne#Under_the_Romans

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallia_Narbonensis

• Augusta Emerita (Mérida) was the capital of Lusitania. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_Emerita

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusitania

• Virunum was the capital of Noricum. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virunum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noricum

• Carnuntum was the capital of Pannonia Superior. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnuntum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannonia_Superior

• Aquincum (Budapest) was the capital of Pannonia Inferior since 106 A.D. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquincum#History

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannonia_Inferior

• Viminatium was the capital of Moesia Superior. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viminacium

• During the reign of Trajan Perinthus was the capital of Thracia, Philippopolis was declared to be the new capital much later. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thracia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perinthus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippopolis_(Thrace)

• Corinthus was the capital of Achaea. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corinth#Ancient_Rome

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaia_(Roman_province)

• Gortyn was the capital of Creta et Cyrene. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gortyna

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crete_and_Cyrenaica

• Iol Caesarea was renamed to “Caesarea Mauretaniae” by the Romans

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_in_Mauretania

• Paphos was the capital of Cyprus. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paphos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Cyprus

• Nicomedia was the capital of Bithynia et Pontus. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bithynia_and_Pontus

• Attalia was the capital of Lycia et Pamphylia. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya#History

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycia_et_Pamphylia

• Ephesus was the capital of Asia. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_(Roman_province)

• The names of the provinces of Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior were inverted (Pannonia Inferior was the eastward province). See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannonia_Superior

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannonia_Inferior

• corrected the spelling of Lusitania, Achaea, Mogontiacum, Syracusae, Bithynia et Pontus, Alpes Poeninae and Alpes Cottiae

• corrected the geographical location of various cities

• The island of Malta was a part of the Roman province of Sicilia. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta#Phoenicians,_Carthaginians_and_Romans

• The British island of Anglesey was conquered by the Romans in 78 A.D. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglesey#Roman_occupation Sirmareno (talk) 23:42, 19 January 2024 (UTC)

Second Update, 25 January 2024:

• The island of Corsica was not a province of its own, but formed together with Sardinia a part of the province “Sardinia et Corsica”. See:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia_and_Corsica

• Apparently the map also seems to have some issues with the borders of the provinces, most prominently the borders of Germania Superior.

On the map Germnia Superior only covers the areas around Mogontiacum and Argentorate, while in reality the province did stretch down to Lausanne in Switzerland and also to the eastern part of France around Besançon and Langres.

I did therefore correct the borders of Germnia Superior accordingly to make sure that it includes the areas of the following cities which were located within Germania Superior:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_Raurica

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aventicum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besan%C3%A7on

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centum_Prata

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iuliomagus_(Schleitheim)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langres

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lousonna

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich Sirmareno (talk) 18:24, 25 January 2024 (UTC)

Licensing:

The “Licensing” information of the original file

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_provinces_trajan.svg

on which this map is based upon says it is “public domain”, but since it has been derived from “Blank Map of Europe -w boundaries.svg”

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blank_Map_of_Europe_-w_boundaries.svg

which was licensed “under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.” as well as “the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license” this cannot be true.

Since the licensing information of “Blank Map of Europe -w boundaries.svg” states “You may select the license of your choice.” as part of the Wikimedia licensing update project to get rid of the GNU Free Documentation License

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update

this new version of the map therefore can be released solely under the “the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license” to satisfy the licensing requirements of “Blank Map of Europe -w boundaries.svg”. Sirmareno (talk) 23:46, 19 January 2024 (UTC)