File:Bivalent chromatin domains mark the promoters of developmentally important genes in pluripotent ES c.jpg

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English: Bivalent chromatin domains mark the promoters of developmentally important genes in pluripotent ES cells. PRC2 and TrxG proteins catalyze the tri-methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 and 4, respectively. PRC1 is also recruited to many of these genes and can mono-ubiquitinylate histone H2A on lysine 119, a modification that is also thought to be important for gene silencing, possibly through blocking RNAPII elongation. As such, bivalent genes are said to be silent, yet poised for activation. H2AZ is highly enriched in a manner that is remarkably similar to PRC2 and may also be an important regulatory component at bivalent genes. Upon differentiation, the bivalent histone marks can be resolved to monovalent modifications in which the gene is “ON” or “OFF”. Bivalent domains can also be maintained or newly established in lineage-committed cells.
Date Published May 31, 2009.
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StemBook Figure 2 Bivalent chromatin domains mark the promoters of developmentally important genes in pluripotent ES c

  • Sha, K. and Boyer, L. A. The chromatin signature of pluripotent cells (May 31, 2009), StemBook, ed. The Stem Cell Research Community, StemBook, doi/10.3824/stembook.1.45.1, http://www.stembook.org.
Author Sha, K. and Boyer, L. A. The chromatin signature of pluripotent cells (May 31, 2009), StemBook, ed. The Stem Cell Research Community, StemBook, doi/10.3824/stembook.1.45.1, http://www.stembook.org.
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