Krafla (volcanic system)

Deutsch: Das Vulkansystem der Krafla, in dem die letzten Ausbrüche 1984 stattfanden, liegt im Nordosten von Island. Der dazugehörige Zentralvulkan befindet sich beim See Mývatn. Das Vulkansystem hat eine Länge von eines ca. 100 km.

English: Krafla is located in the northeast of Iceland near the lake Mývatn. It is a 100 km long volcanic system which reaches northwards into the fjord Öxarfjörður. The last volcanic eruptions in the system took place in 1984. Krafla is also the name of the central volcano in form of a caldera to the northeast of the village of Reykjahlíð and of the highest mountain at its rim.

Français : The volcanic system du Krafla se trouve dans le nord-est de l'Islande près du lac Mývatn et s'étend jusque dans le fjord Öxarfjörður. Les dernières éruptions dans ce système volcanique eurent lieu en 1984. Le volcan central du même nom se trouve dans la partie sud du système près du Mývatn.

Íslenska: Krafla er eldfjallakerfi á Norðurlandi. Í megineldstöðinni nálægt Mývatni er sigketill eða askja sem er 10 km í þvermál. Á Kröflusvæðinu eru háhitasvæði með leirhverum og gufuhverum, t.d. við Námafjall eða Leirhnjúk.

Maps

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  Volcanic systems of Iceland with Krafla in the North Volcanic Zone
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  The lake Mývatn with some volcanic features of Krafla

The central volcano: Krafla caldera

Krafla caldera

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  The caldera of Krafla with the rhyolitic ridge Leirhnjúkur and the maar Víti
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  The caldera in the background seen from the south

Víti crater

The Víti crater is a maar from the 18th century.

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Leirhnjúkur

The volcano Leirhnjúkur was last active during the Krafla Fires in the 1970s and 1980s.

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Hlíðarfjall

Hlíðarfjall is a hyaloclastic ridge near the western caldera rim.

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Jörundur

Jörundur is a hyaloclastic ridge near the eastern caldera rim.

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Around the lake Mývatn

Many volcanic features in connection with the Krafla volcanic system are to be found in and around the lake Mývatn.

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Vindbelgjarfjall

Vindbelgjarfjall is a volcanic cone of subglacial origin.

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Hverfjall

The volcano Hverfjall is a tuff ring.

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Grjótagjá

The volcano-tectonic fissure Grjótagjá contains caves filled with hot water.

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Jarðbaðshólar and the Mývatn Natural Bath

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  Steaming crater row Jarðbaðshólar
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  Bathing facilities nearby

Námafjall and Hverarönd

The hyaloclastic ridge Námafjall and its high temperature area Hverarönd

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  Hverarönd on the eastern side of Námafjall
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  The view to the west in direction of Mývatn

Geothermal power plants

Two geothermal power plants are situated within the Krafla volcanic system.

Bjarnarflag

The geothermal power plant of Bjarnarflag is situated not far from Mývatn and the village of Reykjahlíð.

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  Bjarnarflag Geothermal Power Plant
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  Bjarnarflag borehole
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Krafla Geothermal Power Plant

The Krafla Geothermal Power Plant is located directly to the south of the caldera rim.

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  Krafla Power Plant
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  Krafla Power Plant and some boreholes