Mandora

<nowiki>guitarra morisca; マンドーラ; mandore; mandora; gallichon; Mandòra; mandora; Guitarra morisca; Mandora; Mandora; mandora; mandora; Мандора; Galizona; Mandora; musical instrument; Musikinstrument; luuttusoitin; mandora (instrumento); mandole (musique); mandore (musique); Lutina; gallichon; colascione (bass lute); calichon; gallichone; colascione (mandora); Mandora; Guitarra moresca; bassoluuttu; gallichon; colachon; calachon; Mandorlaute</nowiki>

mandora 

musical instrument
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Subclass of	lute
Different from	Mandora
Authority file  Q1889081 Reasonator Scholia Wikidocumentaries KML file Search depicted

Mandora is a name of various musical instruments related to Lute and Mandolin.

• 
  Mandora or Quinterne [Gittern], 1450.
• 
  Lute similar to mandola, 1595.

• 
  Mandőraen [Mandore], printed in 1619 on Syntagma musicum by Michael Praetorius.
• 
  Mandore, printed in 1636 on Harmonie Universelle by Marin Mersenne.
• 
  Testudinis Compendiatce (in Latina), called Mandora, printed in 1650 on Musurgia Universalis by Athanasius Kircher.

• 
  6~9 courses lute (“Calchedon”, “Calichon”), 1722.
• 
  Gallichon, mid-18th~19th century.
• 
  Lute guitar, called “Lutnia romantyczna” in Porlish.
• 
  Lute guitar sold as “Deutsche Laute (Mandora)”, mid-19th~20th century.

Gallery for comparison

• 
  Guitarra Latina and Guitarra Morisca, Medieval
• 
  A Ukrainian Cossack with a Mandora or Guitarra Morisca, c.1750.
• 
  Cythara Germanica or Cythara Italica [Cittern], printed in 1650 on Musurgia Universalis by Athanasius Kircher.
• 
  Swedish lute (mid-18~20th century), 1930.

List of instruments referred as Mandora on Wikipedia articles

The terms "Mandora", "Mandore", etc. referred to different instruments at different periods in history.

(as of April 9, 2013)

Language	Article	Origin	Medieval	Renaissance (15-16c)	Baroque (17c)	Rococo (18c)	19th century
Español	Guitarra morisca	(Pantur of Sumer)	Mandora / Quitarra Sarracénica / Guitarra Morisca
Català	Guitarra morisca	(Pantur of Sumer)	Mandora / Quitarra Sarraïna / Guitarra Morisca
Português	Mandora		Mandora / Mandola / Lutina
Occitan	Mandòra		Mandòra' (⇒ Mandolina)
Latin			Cithara Italica / Cithara Germanica / Cithara vulgaris
Itary				(Oud ⇒)	Mandola	(⇒ Mandolino)
Français	Mandore		Mandore / Mandole / Gallizona / Gallichon (⇒ Mandoline)			(Mandole ténor)	(French Mandore)
Deutsch	Mandora	Barbat	maurische Quinterne ⇒ Mandora	Mandürchen / Mandőraen (⇒ Mandola in 18c, Mandoline)		Mandora: Calichon / Galichon	Gitarrenlaute (Mandora)
English	Mandora		Guiterne in 13c, Chitarra Italiana in 15-16c (⇒ Gallichone in 18c)	[treble lute] Mandola, Scotish Mandora, Mandore		[bass lute] Mandora: Gallichone / Galizona / Galichon
Polski	Gallichon				(Lutnia barokowa basowej ⇒)	Gallichon / Galichon	Lutnia romantyczna
Norsk bokmål	Mandora			Mandora (⇒ Mandolin)		Mandora (Calichon / Galichon)	Gitarlutten
日本語	マンドーラ					Mandora / Gallichon / Gallizona / Colachon / Calchedono

References

• Randel, Don Michael The Harvard Dictionary of Music, Harvard University Press reference library, Vol. 16, Harvard University Press, p. 484 ISBN: 978-0-674-01163-2.
  "Mandora, mandore, mandola [Fr. mandore; Ger. Mandoër, Mandürichen, Mandourlauten; It. Mandola; Sp. vandola]. (1) A lutelike instrument developed from the medieval *gittern. ... (2) An 18th-century Austrian and German eight course hybrid combining a lute body and pegbox with a guitar neck. This was played and tuned like the guitar: C D E A d g b e'. ..."