File:Шмель-плотник фиолетовый - Xylocopa violacea - Violet carpenter bee - Обикновена ксилокопа (Синя ксилокопа) - Große Blaue Holzbiene ( Violettflügelige Holzbiene) (29122582406).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionШмель-плотник фиолетовый - Xylocopa violacea - Violet carpenter bee - Обикновена ксилокопа (Синя ксилокопа) - Große Blaue Holzbiene ( Violettflügelige Holzbiene) (29122582406).jpg |
The species occurs in southern and central Europe until at altitudes of around 500 meters, in the Crimea, the Caucasus, Turkey, Asia Minor and the Middle East, In Russia. In Ukraine, widespread in the southern regions, rarely found in most areas. In Belarus, the species is found in the Gomel region. It is not particularly aggressive, and will attack only if forced to. Like most members of the genus Xylocopa, it makes its nests in dead wood, in dry cross-sections and branches of trees, wooden buildings and telegraph poles, gnawing at them and moves them in the order of 10-12 contiguous cells with partitions made of chopped wood. Carpenter bee places pollen weight formed as an elongated tetrahedron in each cell, where one egg is laid. Included in the Red Book of Ukraine. In UK in 2006 Xylocopa violacea was reported from Cardigan, Wales, in 2007 it was found breeding for the first time in England, in Leicestershire. Then follows a northwards expansion of its range in France, Germany, and the Channel Islands. In 2010 it was recorded in Northamptonshire and Worcestershire. The species is due to their thermal claim conducted in combination with suitable nesting sites in Germany in the red list of endangered species on the early warning list (category V), in some states it is as well in Switzerland as being at risk and in part, such as in Baden- Württemberg, has even been classified as endangered. Шмель-плотник фиолетовый - наиболее часто встречающийся европейский вид пчелы-плотника, и одна из крупнейших в Европе пчел, этот вид также является родным для Азии. Обитает в южной и центральной Европе до на высоте около 500 метров, в Крыму, на Кавказе, в Турции, в Ближней Азии, на Ближнем Востоке, в России. На Украине распространен в южных областях, в большинстве областей встречается редко, в Белоруссии встречается в Гомельской области. Шмель-плотник не особенно агрессивен и атакует только по необходимости. Как и большинство представителей рода Xylocopa, он делает свои гнезда в мертвой древесине - в сухих створах и ветвях деревьев, деревянных постройках и телеграфных столбах, выгрызая в них ходы и строя в них 10-12 смежных ячеек с перегородками из измельчённой древесины. В каждую ячейку помещается пыльцовая масса, сформированная в виде удлиненного тетраэдра, куда откладывается одно яйцо. Вид внесён в Красную книгу Украины. В Англии в 2006 году было сообщено о присутствии Xylocopa violacea в Кардигане, Уэльс, в 2007 впервые в Англии были обнаружены места размножения в Лестершире, далее ареал расширился в северном направлении во Франции, Германии и на Нормандских островах. В 2010 году вид был зарегистрирован в Нортгемптоншире и Вустершире. В Германии в некоторых районах вид внесен в красный список исчезающих видов, (раннее предупреждение, категория В), в Швейцарии, классифицирован как находящийся в опасности, и местами, например, в Баден- Вюртемберг, даже классифицирован как находящийся под угрозой исчезновения. |
Date | |
Source | Шмель-плотник фиолетовый / Xylocopa violacea / Violet carpenter bee / Обикновена ксилокопа (Синя ксилокопа) / Große Blaue Holzbiene ( Violettflügelige Holzbiene) |
Author | Katya from Moscow, Russia |
Camera location | 42° 18′ 01.4″ N, 27° 45′ 16.01″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 42.300388; 27.754447 |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by katunchik at https://flickr.com/photos/12090392@N02/29122582406. It was reviewed on 18 March 2017 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
18 March 2017
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current | 21:19, 18 March 2017 | 2,900 × 2,000 (4.41 MB) | Спасимир (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | RICOH IMAGING COMPANY, LTD. |
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Camera model | PENTAX K-S2 |
Exposure time | 1/160 sec (0.00625) |
F-number | f/7.1 |
ISO speed rating | 160 |
Date and time of data generation | 09:04, 28 June 2016 |
Lens focal length | 300 mm |
Width | 2,900 px |
Height | 2,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 15:54, 22 August 2016 |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:04, 28 June 2016 |
APEX shutter speed | 7.321928 |
APEX aperture | 5.655638 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 450 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Close view |
Lens used | smc PENTAX-DA 55-300mm F4-5.8 ED |
Rating (out of 5) | 0 |
Date metadata was last modified | 18:54, 22 August 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | BA87654921793B16F3D4F99CD4D962DF |
IIM version | 40,218 |