File:85. Самозапалива смеса на база на калиум хлорат, шеќер и сулфурна киселина.ogg
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English: Self-ignition of a mixture of sugar and potassium chlorate with a drop of concentrated sulfuric acid
A mixture is prepared of powdered potassium chlorate and powdered sugar (in a volume ratio of 1 : 1). One drop of H 2 SO 4 (conc) is added to the mixture. After about one second the mixture spontaneously catches fire and burns. The concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with the potassium chlorate. At first, chloric acid is being displaced by the sulfuric acid: KClO3(s) + H2SO4(l) = HClO3(l) + KHSO4(s) The chloric acid is unstable at weight ratios > 40 % and disproportionates into perchloric acid, chlorine dioxide and water: 3HClO3(l) = HClO4(l) + 2ClO2(g) + H2O(l) All three compounds (HClO3, HClO4 и ClO2) are very strong oxidizers, hence the organic substances (including sugar) inflame spontaneously in their presence. Once the mixture inflames, it easily continues to burn as a mixture of an oxidizer (KClO 3 ) and a reducing agent (the sugar). Performed by the retired Prof. PhD Vladimir Petruševski. The planning of the experiment also included the Prof. PhD Miha Bukleski and the students Mihail Trajkov and Darko Stojčev, Department of Chemistry, FNSM, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia.Македонски: Смеса од шеќер и калиум хлорат – самозапалување со капка концентрирана сулфурна киселина
На смеса од приближно еднакви волуменски делови од спрашен калиум хлорат и шеќер во прав, се додава една капка концентрирана сулфурна киселина. По околу 1 секунда смесата се пали и бурно гори. Сулфурната киселина реагира со калиум хлоратот. Во прв чекор, доаѓа до истиснување на хлорна киселина: KClO3(s) + H2SO4(l) = HClO3(l) + KHSO4(s) Хлорната киселина е непостојана при масени удели повисоки од 40 % и се диспропорционира на перхлорна киселина, хлор диоксид и вода: 3HClO3(l) = HClO4(l) + 2ClO2(g) + H2O(l) Трите соединенија (HClO3, HClO4 и ClO2) се многу силни оксидациони средства и органските супстанци (вклучително шеќерот) спонтано се палат во нивно присуство. Еднаш запалена, смесата од калиум хлорат и шеќер продолжува да гори. Изведено од пензионираниот Проф. д-р Владимир Петрушевски. Во планирањето на опитот, исто така беа вклучени Проф. д-р Миха Буклески, и студентите Михаил Трајков и Дарко Стојчев, Институт за хемија, ПМФ, УКИМ, Скопје, Македонија. |
| Date | |
| Source | Own work |
| Author | Дени Ингилизовски |
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| current | 18:15, 23 February 2023 | 9.9 s, 1,920 × 1,080 (8.54 MB) | Dandarmkd (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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