File:Acanthus mollis (14742824956).jpg

Identifier: naturalhistoryof02kern Title: The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution; Year: 1902 (1900s) Authors: Kerner von Marilaun, Anton, 1831-1898 Oliver, Francis Wall, 1864- Macdonald, Mary Frances Ewart Busk, Marian Balfour, Lady Subjects: Botany Publisher: London, Blackie Contributing Library: NCSU Libraries Digitizing Sponsor: NCSU Libraries

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Text Appearing Before Image: ed of a whorl of 2-5 stamens. The fruit iseither a succulent berry, a capsule with various modes of dehiscence, or a drupe. The Solanaceje, Scrophulariaceae, Loganiacese, and Asclepiadacece contain poison-ous alkaloids, the Gentianaceae contain bitter substances, and the Labiatae containetherial oils and aromatic substances. The majority of Tubiflorae possess greenfoliage-leaves. Some Scrophulariaceae, e.g. the species of the genus Rehmannia, are 772 THE SUBDIVISIONS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. in the form of switch-shrubs, and several Asclepiadaceae, e.g. the species of the genusStajoelia, have cactiform stems. In these the assimilation of carbon is effected bythe green cortical tissue. The Orobanchacese are parasites destitute of chlorophyll(see vol. i. p. 183). Amongst Convolvulacese, and more especially amongst Scrophu-lariacese, there are many species which live as parasites and saprophytes, and arepartially deficient in chlorophyll (see vol. i. pp. 171-183). An account has already

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 434.—Acanthace*.Acanthiis mollis on the coast of Dalmatia. been given of the way in which the Lentibulariacese, e.g. the species belonging tothe genera Utricularia and Pinguicula, derive a portion of their food from thebodies of insects which are caught by them (see vol. i. pp. 120,140). In Gentianaceae,Oleaceae, Apocynacese, Asclepiadaceae, Convolvulacese, and many Boraginacese andSolanaceae the corolla is actinomorphic. The Labiatse, Scrophulariacese, Verbenacese,Acanthacese, Lentibulariacese, and some genera of Boraginaceae and Solanacese beardistinctly zygomorphic flowers. In the Ash genus (Fraxinus), which belongs to thefamily of Oleacese, the corolla is often entirely suppressed. Most Labiatae have four ANGlOSPERMiE, DICOTYLEDONES. 773 didynamous stamens, but some of them, e.g. those of the genus Salvia (see tig. 271,p. 262), have two stamens, as have also the species of the genus Veronica (see fig. 257,p. 226) of the family Scrophulariacese, and the majority of the Jasmi

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