File:Birtvisi 13.jpg
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Summary
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English: Birtvisi Natural Monument is a ruined medieval fortress in Kvemo Kartli, Georgia, nested within limestone cliffs in the Algeti river gorge. It is now within the boundaries of the Tetri-Tsqaro municipality, adjacent to the Algeti National Park, south-west of the nation's capital Tbilisi.
Birtvisi is essentially a natural rocky fortress of 1 km², secured by walls and towers, the most prominent of which – known as Sheupovari ("Obstinate") – tops the tallest rock in the area. Various accessory structures, an aqueduct included, have also survived.[2] In written sources, Birtvisi is first mentioned as a possession of the Arab amir of Tiflis of which he was divested by the Georgian nobles Liparit, Duke of Kldekari and Ivane Abazasdze in 1038.[3] In medieval Georgia, Birtvisi entertained a reputation of an impregnable stronghold whose master could control the entire strategic Algeti gorge. The Turco-Mongol amir Timur notably reduced the fortress during one of his invasions of Georgia in 1403.[4] After the partition of the Kingdom of Georgia later in the 15th century, Birtvisi was within the borders of the Kingdom of Kartli and in possession of the princes Baratashvili.[2] |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Paata vardanashvili |
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This image was uploaded as part of Wiki Loves Earth 2017.
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current | 09:41, 5 June 2017 | ![]() | 2,000 × 1,333 (1.61 MB) | Paata vardanashvili (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon EOS 5D Mark II |
Author | Photographer: www.paata.ge |
Copyright holder |
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Exposure time | 1/100 sec (0.01) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:30, 26 January 2017 |
Lens focal length | 32 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | ACDSee Pro 9 |
File change date and time | 13:38, 5 June 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:30, 26 January 2017 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 6.625 |
APEX aperture | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 750 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 07 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 07 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 3,849.2117888965 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 3,908.1419624217 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
GPS tag version | 0.0.2.2 |
Serial number of camera | 3661716983 |
Lens used | EF17-40mm f/4L USM |
Owner of camera | www.paata.ge |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:18, 27 January 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | 980E99D2A56F0F2035C8D5ED8A12056D |