File:Elizabeth Hoffman - Fear No Evil.jpg

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پروندهٔ اصلی (۸۰۴ × ۱٬۱۰۱ پیکسل، اندازهٔ پرونده: ۱۰۲ کیلوبایت، نوع MIME پرونده: image/jpeg)

گزینه‌ها

عنوان

شرحی یک‌خطی از محتوای این فایل اضافه کنید
Elizabeth Hoffman

خلاصه

[ویرایش]
توضیح
English: Elizabeth Hoffman in Fear No Evil
تاریخ
منبع eBay
Front and back
پدیدآور Avco Embassy Pictures
اجازه‌نامه
(استفادهٔ مجدد از این پرونده)
English: This is a publicity still taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
  • As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
    "Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
  • Nancy Wolff, in The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook (Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
    "There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
  • Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989, p. 87), writes:
    "According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
  • Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors[1], that:
    "[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."

اجازه‌نامه

[ویرایش]
Public domain
This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1978 and March 1, 1989 without a copyright notice, and its copyright was not subsequently registered with the U.S. Copyright Office within 5 years.
Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is copyrighted in the countries or areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works, such as Canada (70 pma), Mainland China (50 pma, not Hong Kong or Macau), Germany (70 pma), Mexico (100 pma), Switzerland (70 pma), and other countries with individual treaties. See this page for further explanation.

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  • Note: A search was done in publication renewals from 1978–present. There were no listings for "Fear No Evil" relating to the film in question under "Visual Materials"; there is no evidence this material is under copyright.

تاریخچهٔ پرونده

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تاریخ/زمانبندانگشتیابعادکاربرتوضیح
کنونی‏۳۱ مهٔ ۲۰۱۹، ساعت ۱۰:۱۶تصویر بندانگشتی از نسخهٔ مورخ ‏۳۱ مهٔ ۲۰۱۹، ساعت ۱۰:۱۶۸۰۴ در ۱٬۱۰۱ (۱۰۲ کیلوبایت)Drown Soda (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)Crop
‏۳۱ مهٔ ۲۰۱۹، ساعت ۱۰:۰۸تصویر بندانگشتی از نسخهٔ مورخ ‏۳۱ مهٔ ۲۰۱۹، ساعت ۱۰:۰۸۱٬۰۲۶ در ۶۳۹ (۹۸ کیلوبایت)Drown Soda (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)User created page with UploadWizard

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