File:Image from page 186 of "City roads and pavements suited to cities of moderate size." (1902).jpg

English: Caption:

AVENUE du BOIS de BOULOGNE, PARIS. Broken-stone roadway.

Identifier: cityroadspavemen00juds Title: City roads and pavements suited to cities of moderate size. Year: 1902 (1900s) Authors: Judson, William Pierson, 1849-1925 Subjects: Streets Pavements Roads Publisher: New York : The Engineering news publishing company Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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Text Appearing Before Image: rmy ofresident \yorkmen liying along the line of the roads andmaking neyer-ceasing repair of ruts and breaks as soonas they occur. Little piles of broken stone, or of stoneto be broken, \yere and are neyer-absent eyidences ofconstant care, and steam road rollers are often metwhen driying through the country. Such care isnecessary and costly. In London and in Paris broken-stone roads are theroads of luxury; some of the finest streets haying mac-adamized central driyeways, bordered on each side bythirteen feet of sheet-asphalt. In Paris the annual cost of maintenance of suburbanmacadamized streets haying light traffic is about one-third the original cost of building them, hi some casesof extra heayy city traffic, the annual care costs one-third more than the original building; that is, theroadway fourteen inches thick has to be practicallyrenewed eyery nine months. In such cases macadamis more costly than asphalt or wood blocks, which aretherefore replacing it. 180 BROKEX-STONE ROADWAY.

Text Appearing After Image: ■s. < iSl CITY ROADS AND PAVEMENTS. The rocks available and used for broken-stone roadsin Paris are inferior to those used in and about NewYork. Edward P. North, M. Am. Soc. C. E., in hisstandard book, Construction and Maintenance ofRoads, states that of the Paris broken-stone roads,sixty-seven per cent are made of meuliere^ twenty-three percent of porphyry and ten per cent of water-worn flint pebbles.Meuliere is a quartzite in which coarse grains ofquartz are united by a peculiarly strong silicious cement.Neither the meuliere, the porphyry nor the flint is equalin durability to diabase trap. The good condition of the Paris broken-stone roads,in spite of their indifferent materials, is the result ofthe perfect system of care which the French havelearned to give to all their roads. One of the importantavenues thus paved is the well-known driveway throughthe Bois de Boulogne. In any case, eternal vigilance and a continuing sup-ply of money are the price of a good system of mac-adam

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