File:Offham 2007 T579 (FindID 200136).jpg
Original file (1,181 × 886 pixels, file size: 428 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary
[edit]Offham 2007 T579 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Photographer |
The British Museum, Siorna McFarlane, 2010-07-13 16:42:48 |
||
Title |
Offham 2007 T579 |
||
Description |
English: CORONER'S REPORT
Circumstance of discovery
Late Bronze Age metal group comprising six bronze socketed axes, eight fragments of socketed axes, two fragments of a possible riveted sickle and ten ingot fragments. The objects were scattered in topsoil across an area of about 5 square metres, at a depth of between 7 to 25cm.
Description of objects
1. Socketed axe - Complete Southern English ribbed type. Trumpet mouthed, single collar from which a loop protrudes. This leads down to three equally spaced ribs on a straight sided body and a slightly flaring blade. The axe is fairly worn so that there may have two extra ribs though it is difficult to assess this with confidence. There is a visible casting seam and limited evidence for use or sharpening of the blade. The patina is dark green with light green corrosion.
L: 87.5mm; W: 39.0mm; Th: 35.0mm; Wt: 223.0g.
2. Bronze fragment. Light green patina with red brown corrosion with a pitted surface.
L: 39.5mm; W: 22.0mm; Th: 21.5mm; Wt: 97.6g.
3. Bronze fragment. Light green patina with extensive red brown corrosion with a pitted surface.
L: 15.0mm; W: 27.0mm; Th: 22.0mm; Wt: 129.7g.
4. Bronze plano-convex ingot fragment. Curving cast surface with light green patina with dull brown corrosion with a pitted surface.
L: 104.0mm; W: 66.5mm; Th: 33.5mm; Wt: 865.0g.
5. Bronze fragment. Light green patina, slightly pitted with heavy corrosion. One cast edge
L: 59.0mm; W: 56.0mm; Th: 19.5mm; Wt: 393.9g.
6. Bronze fragment. Light green patina with a pitted surface.
L: 41.5mm; W: 25.0mm; Th: 9.5mm; Wt: 42.1g.
7. Bronze plano-convex ingot fragment. Curving cast surfaces and broken edges. Light green patina with dark brown corrosion with a pitted surface.
L: 97.0mm; W: 59.0mm; Th: 35.5mm; Wt: 1016.4g.
8. Bronze socketed axe fragment. Broken collar and curved body fragment. Green patina with brown corrosion
L: 40.0mm; W: 36.0mm; Th: 4.0mm; Wt: 23.8g.
9. Socketed axe - Complete Southeastern type with drapery wing decoration. Double mouth moulding with a more prominent upper moulding and the loop protruding from the lower moulding. The body is sub-rectangular with angular corners leading down to fairly sharply flaring blade. Each body side has drapery wing decoration. The blade appears to have been broken. The patina is dark green with light green and brown corrosion.
L: 97.5mm; W: 42.0mm; Th: 35.5mm; Wt: 197.5g.
10. Socketed axe - Southeastern type plain A1. Double mouth moulding with a more prominent upper moulding and the loop protruding from the lower moulding. The body is sub-rectangular with angular corners leading down to fairly sharply flaring blade. The blade appears to have been completely broken off. The patina is dark green with light green and brown corrosion.
L: 81.5mm; W: 47.0mm; Th: 39.5mm; Wt: 173.4g
11. Socketed axe - Complete Southeastern type plain A1. Double mouth moulding with the loop protruding from the lower moulding. The body is sub-rectangular with angular corners leading down to slightly flaring blade. The blade is heavily worn. The patina is dark green with light green and brown corrosion.
L: 85.1mm; W: 41.0mm; Th: 35.0mm; Wt: 162.4g
12. Socketed axe - Complete Southeastern type plain A1. Double mouth moulding with a more prominent upper moulding and the loop protruding from the lower moulding. The body is sub-rectangular with angular corners leading down to fairly sharply flaring blade. The blade is chipped and worn. The patina is dark green with light green and brown corrosion.
L: 93.5mm; W: 40.5mm; Th: 31.0mm; Wt: 179.9g
13. Socketed axe - Southeastern type plain A1. Double mouth moulding with a more prominent upper moulding and the loop protruding from the lower moulding. The body is sub-rectangular with angular corners. The body and blade have been broken off around half way down the axe. The patina is dark brown with light green corrosion.
L: 52.5mm; W: 46.0mm; Th: 39.5mm; Wt: 114.4g
14. Socketed axe - Complete Southern English ribbed type. Trumpet mouthed, single collar from which a loop protrudes. This leads down to three equally spaced ribs on a straight sided body and a slightly flaring blade. There is a visible casting seam and part of the collar has been broken off through to the body. The patina is dark brown with light green corrosion.
L: 71.5mm; W: 43.5mm; Th: 35.5mm; Wt: 159.9g
15. Socketed axe blade. Part of body flaring sharply to complete chipped and worn blade. The patina is brown with dark green corrosion.
L: 60.0mm; W: 48.0mm; Th: 19.5mm; Wt: 130.7g
16. Socketed axe body fragment. Heavily broken, bent and corroded. Pitted surface with dark brown patina and light green corrosion.
L: 44.5mm; W: 32.0mm; Th: 16.0mm; Wt: 65.1g
17. Socketed axe blade. Part of body flaring sharply to fairly unworn blade. The patina is brown with dark green corrosion.
L: 46.0mm; W: 50.0mm; Th: 14.0mm; Wt: 88.9g
18. Socketed axe blade. Part of body flaring sharply to chipped and worn blade. The patina is brown with dark green corrosion.
L: 44.0mm; W: 39.5mm; Th: 16.5mm; Wt: 86.0g
19. Socketed axe blade. Broken part of body and slightly chipped blade. The patina is brown with dark green corrosion.
L: 38.5mm; W: 22.0mm; Th: 19.5mm; Wt: 52.4g
20. Socketed axe mouth and body part. Heavily worn collar leading down to two-three ribs and an angular body. The patina is brown with dark green corrosion.
L: 46.0mm; W: 34.5mm; Th: 7.0mm; Wt: 36.7g
21. Bronze plano-convex ingot fragment. Curving cast surface with light green patina with dull brown corrosion with a pitted surface.
L: 88.0mm; W: 49.0mm; Th: 18.0mm; Wt: 259.0g.
22. Bronze fragment. Light green patina with a pitted surface and brown corrosion.
L: 78.0mm; W: 44.0mm; Th: 19.5mm; Wt: 248.8g.
23. Bronze fragment. Dark green patina with a pitted surface and brown corrosion.
L: 46.0mm; W: 44.5mm; Th: 13.0mm; Wt: 173.0g.
24. Bronze ?sickle fragment. A pronounced stop-ridge with low tapering flanges leading towards a curving broken section that appears to have been a blade structure. There is one hole in the body of the stop-ridge together with a faint triangular imprinted decoration.
L: 69.0mm; W: 26.0mm; Th: 15.0mm; Wt: 48.0g.
25. Bronze ?sickle fragment. The terminal of the stop ridge of No. 24 with tapering flanges and broken ends.
L: 28.0mm; W: 12.0mm; Th: 3.0mm; Wt: 9.5g.
26. Bronze fragment. Dark green patina with a pitted surface and brown corrosion.
L: 26.0mm; W: 16.0mm; Th: 6.0mm; Wt: 10.6g.
Discussion
The Southeastern and South English ribbed socketed axes broadly dates the hoard to the Ewart Park metal phase (1000-800 BC) (Needham 1990; Needham et al. 1997). With the exception of the potential riveted sickle (Fox 1939, 137-139 possibly Group A), the remaining objects are bronze fragments of varying size. Several of these appear to have been part of plano-convex ingots. The drapery decoration on the southeastern socketed axe No. 9 is relatively rare in this country though recent parallels are known from Pencoyd, Herefordshire, Braintree, Essex (Butler 1976), Bognor Regis (Maraszek 2006, 606 Fig XVII) as well as several older hoards (see O'Connor 1980, 521 List 122) which includes Wateringbury and Stourmouth in Kent.
The placing of apparently scrap metal in the landscape is well documented during this period in Kent even in recent years though Offham lies beyond the traditional concentrations of hoards in east Kent (see Andrew Richardson's summary <a href="http://www.finds.org.uk/case_studies/bronze_age_hoards.php">http://www.finds.org.uk/case_studies/bronze_age_hoards.php</a>). Traditional interpretations see these as metalworkers' reserves stored for later use. However, the failure to recover so many stored metal objects implies that recovery may not always have been the aim. The only association with the hoard consists of two fragments of thick irregular pottery/stone. Conclusion
Though contextual details are sparse, it is probable that these objects formed a single original deposit or hoard dispersed through the actions of the plough seems very likely. |
||
Depicted place | (County of findspot) Kent | ||
Date | between 1000 BC and 750 BC | ||
Accession number |
FindID: 200136 Old ref: KENT-C2ABB7 Filename: Offham 2007 T579.JPG |
||
Credit line |
|
||
Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/289249 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/289249/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/200136 |
||
Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution-ShareAlike License version 4.0 (verified 5 December 2020) |
Licensing
[edit]- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 15:13, 27 January 2017 | 1,181 × 886 (428 KB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, LON, FindID: 200136, bronze age, page 136, batch count 1823 |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
The following page uses this file:
File usage on other wikis
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on it.wikipedia.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON |
---|---|
Camera model | E990 |
Exposure time | 5/202 sec (0.024752475247525) |
F-number | f/2.5 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | Unknown date |
Lens focal length | 8.2 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows |
File change date and time | 11:07, 10 July 2009 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.1 |
Date and time of digitizing | Unknown date |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.5 APEX (f/3.36) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |