File:The Bundled Benefits of Soil Health 32.jpg

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Description	20 minutes after a rain simulator applied 2 inches of water on this highly tilled soil, from a plot that does not use a cover crop, hands remain dry as the soil is crushed by hand. The soil has no ability to hold moisture at the level of plant roots, after a short intense watering, as demonstrated, during the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service soil health demonstration event “The Bundled Benefits of Soil Health” features a rain simulator that showers about two inches of water on five different soil surfaces, showing the pass through results in clear containers, on Thursday, September 18, 2014 in the People’s Garden, at the USDA headquarters, in Washington, D.C. USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Date	18 September 2014, 15:58
Source	20140918-NRCS-LSC-0297
Author	U.S. Department of Agriculture Lance Cheung/Photojournalist/USDA/Lance Cheung
Permission (Reusing this file)	Flinfo has extracted the license below from the metadata of the image (tag "IFD0:ImageDescription" contained "USDA Photo"). The license visible at Flickr was "Public Domain Mark".

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This image or file is a work of a United States Department of Agriculture employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by USDAgov at https://flickr.com/photos/41284017@N08/15288093111. It was reviewed on 1 November 2017 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the Public Domain Mark.

1 November 2017

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	22:58, 1 November 2017		3,331 × 2,315 (3.87 MB)	Artix Kreiger (talk \| contribs)	Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons

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Camera manufacturer	NIKON CORPORATION
Camera model	NIKON D4
Author	Lance Cheung
Exposure time	1/200 sec (0.005)
F-number	f/5.6
ISO speed rating	640
Date and time of data generation	15:58, 18 September 2014
Lens focal length	380 mm
User comments	USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Label	To Do
Headline
Credit/Provider	USDA/Lance Cheung
Source	Digital
Image title	20 minutes after a rain simulator applied 2 inches of water on this highly tilled soil, from a plot that does not use a cover crop, dust easily comes off of it, when flipped into another tray and when a hand brushes across the surface. The soil has no ability to hold moisture at the level of plant roots, after a short intense watering, as demonstrated, during the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service soil health demonstration event “The Bundled Benefits of Soil Health” features a rain simulator that showers about two inches of water on five different soil surfaces, showing the pass through results in clear containers, on Thursday, September 18, 2014 in the People’s Garden, on the grounds of the USDA headquarters, in Washington, D.C. The trays contain soil form local farms and represent: 1. Cropland that is regularly tilled, using mechanical equipment and has no cover crop. 2. Cropland that is not tilled and uses cover crops to add organic material and manage the soil health. 3. The empty pan represents paved over soil. 4. Grassland that has been over grazed and compacted. 5. Grassland that uses managed grazing, allowing the soil and cover crop to recover. The rain simulator catches the water runoff, in clear containers to show the various levels of water that drained out of the soil and away from the root system. Results range from pavement that sheds all of the water; to grassland that uses managed grazing and retains all of the water. After the demonstration, tilled soil was dry and dusty minutes after the water was turned off. No-till soil with cover crop, shows moisture throughout and live worms still alive and burrowed in the soil that maintained its structural integrity until pulled apart. This demonstration shows some of the results of best management practices currently being used across the country. Followed this are interactive discussions about the benefits of voluntary, incentive based conservation programs to both agriculture and the environment. It also highlights the importance of healthy soils and the impact improved soil health can have as a tool to improve water quality, help agriculture mitigate and adapt to a rapidly changing climate, and reduce carbon dioxide levels through voluntary sequestration on private working lands. Attending the event are State conservation professionals with the Environmental Protection Agency, USDA-NRCS, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other federal partners. USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Usage terms	www.usda.gov
City shown
Software used	Adobe Bridge CS6 (Macintosh)
File change date and time	16:51, 19 September 2014
Exposure Program	Normal program
Exif version	2.21
APEX shutter speed	7.643856
APEX aperture	4.970854
APEX exposure bias	0
Maximum land aperture	5 APEX (f/5.66)
Metering mode	Pattern
Light source	Fine weather
Flash	Flash did not fire
Focal plane X resolution	1,368.888885498
Focal plane Y resolution	1,368.888885498
Focal plane resolution unit	3
Sensing method	One-chip color area sensor
File source	Digital still camera
Scene type	A directly photographed image
Exposure mode	Auto exposure
White balance	Manual white balance
Digital zoom ratio	1
Focal length in 35 mm film	380 mm
Scene capture type	Standard
Scene control	Low gain up
Contrast	Normal
Saturation	Normal
Sharpness	Normal
Subject distance range	Unknown
Serial number of camera	2064331
Lens used	80.0-400.0 mm f/4.5-5.6
Date and time of digitizing	11:58, 18 September 2014
Rating (out of 5)	5
Date metadata was last modified	12:51, 19 September 2014
Category
Writer
Unique ID of original document	0126DBAAC090871AE9111CB9F872FBEA
Copyright status	Copyright status not set
Keywords	USDA "Department of Agriculture" "U.S. Department of Agriculture"
Contact information	lance.cheung@oc.usda.gov www.flickr.com/photos/usdagov 1400 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, District of Columbia, 202150 USA
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IIM version	4

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File:The Bundled Benefits of Soil Health 32.jpg

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